Elicitation of Kyrgyz prosody

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Revision as of 19:48, 5 January 2021 by Firespeaker (talk | contribs) (noun forms)
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general structure

  • CVCVCV

vowels

  • V ∈ { ɑ, i, u } or { ɑ, e, o } (e.g.)
    • PROBLEM: can't generally get a short rounded vowel in a syllable following an unrounded vowel
    • PROBLEM: can't generally get a front vowel in a syllable following a back vowel, and vice versa
  • potentially look at V and Vː both
    • PROBLEM: high unrounded vowels are non-existent (some sources) or rare (reality)

consonants to avoid

  • palatals (j, ʃ, ʤ, ʧ)
  • maybe also: ɫ, β (especially after rounded vowels), ɣ, ʁ

Potential forms

verb forms

CV(ː)

  • sɑː(-ʁɑnɯ, -ʁɯɫɑ)
  • de(-ɣeni, -ɣile)

CVC

  • bøl(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • kel(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • bil(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • ket(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • byt(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • kyt(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • kez(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • sez(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • teβ(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • til(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • tiɣ(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • bɑt(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • qɑt(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • qur(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • bur(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • tur(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • tɯʁ(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • qus(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • tøɣ(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • qɑz(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • buz(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • tyz(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)
  • sɑɫ(-uːnu, -uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ)
  • ber(-yːny, -yːdø, -yːɣø)

CVCV

  • qɑrɑ(-dɯ, -sɑ)
  • moqo(-du, -so)
  • tɑːnɯ(-dɯ, -sɑ)
  • toqu(-du, -sɑ)
  • tølø(-dy, -sø)
  • surɑ(-dɯ, -sɑ)
  • qoro(-du, -so)
  • tile(-di, -se)

CV(ː)CVC

  • ketir(-e, -yː)
  • sekir(-e, -yː)
  • dedir(-e, -yː)
  • bytyr(-ø, -yː)
  • siŋir(-e, -yː)
  • qɑtɯr(-ɑ, -uː)
  • tɑmɯz(-ɑ(?), -uː)
  • semir(-e, -yː)
  • qɯzɯʁ(-ɑ, -uː)
  • køɣyr(-ø, -yː)
  • suʁɑr(-ɑ, -uː)
  • qɯzɑr(-ɑ, -uː)
  • køtør(-ø, -yː)
  • qotor(-o, -uː)
  • quɫɑt(-ɑ, -uː)
  • tɑːnɯt(-ɑ, -uː)
  • bølyn(-ø, -yː)
  • tykyr(-ø, -yː)
  • bɑqɯr(-ɑ, -uː)
  • tɑʁɯn(-ɑ, -uː)
  • tiɣil(-e, -yː)
  • tɯʁɯɫ(-ɑ, -uː)
  • tøløn(-ø, -yː)
  • tɑːrɯn(-ɑ, uː)
  • biriɣ(-e, yː)
  • qorot(-o, uː)
  • tøɣyl(-ø, yː)

noun forms

CVCVCV stems

  • køløkø
  • tameki
  • munɑrɑ
  • bosoʁo
  • kereɣe
  • tuqɑβɑ
  • qumɑrɑ
  • qɑnɯʃɑ
  • qɑzɯnɑ
  • bødønø
  • bøtøɣø
  • tomoʁo
  • tɑrɑzɑ
  • bɑːɫɑnuː
  • bɑqɯɫoː
  • bɑɫɑtɯ
  • buzɑqɯ/buzuqu
  • burɑmɑ
  • qɯtɯʁɯ
  • mɑqɑɫɑ
  • mamile
  • sɑdɑqɑ
  • tɑtɯnɑ

CVː stems

  • beːniki, beːdɑʁɯ, beːleri, beːsine
  • boːnuqu, boːdoʁu, boːloru, boːsunɑ
  • toːnuqu, toːdoʁu, toːloru, toːsunɑ
  • tøːnyky, tøːdøɣy, tøːløry, tøːsynø
  • køːnyky, køːdøɣy, køːløry(?), køːsynø
  • buːnuqu, buːdɑʁɯ, buːlɑrɯ, buːsunɑ
  • suː(-nuqu, -dɑʁɯ, -lɑrɯ, -sunɑ)
  • bɑː(-nɯqɯ, -dɑʁɯ, -lɑrɯ, -sɯnɑ)

CV(ː)C stems

The 1st/2nd/3rd person possession suffixes + dative are the only way to get only an additional VCV?

  • qoːzu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • boːru{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • søːɣy{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • møːry{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • nɑːmɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • dosu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • qoɫu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • beti{m,ŋ,n}e
  • tili{m,ŋ,n}e
  • butu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • quɫu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • qutu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • pili{m,ŋ,n}e
  • toru{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • syty{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • tøry{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • tyry{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • qɑrɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • nɑnɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • boʁu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • qɑzɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • sɯrɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • bɑɫɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • tuzu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • søzy{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • køzy{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • qumu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • bɑɫɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • χɑnɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • qɑtɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • tøly{m,ŋ,n}ø
  • qɯɫɯ{m,ɴ,n}ɑ
  • muzu{m,ɴ,n}ɑ

CV(ː)CV(ː) stems

  • qozunu, qozuʁɑ, qozudɑ, qozuluː, qozusu, qozumɑ, qozuɴɑ
  • bozonu, bozoʁo, bozodo, bozoluː, bozosu, bozomo, bozoɴo
  • qɯroːnu, qɯroːʁo, qɯroːdo, qɯroːluː, qɯroːsu, qɯroːmo, qɯroːɴo
  • suroːnu, suroːʁo, suroːdo, suroːluː(?), suroːsu, suroːmɑ, suroːɴɑ
  • mɑːnini, mɑːniɣe, mɑːnide, mɑːnilyː, mɑːnisi, mɑːnime, mɑːniŋe
  • bølø(-ny, -ɣø, -dø, -lyː, -sy, -mø, -ŋø)
  • tɑɫɑː(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • qudɑ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • sɑrɯ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • qɑrɑ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • tuːrɑ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • qoroː(-nu, -ʁo, -do, -ɫuː, -su, -mo, -ɴo)
  • qɑɫɑː(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • dɑɫɯ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • bɑɫɑ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • bɑɫɑː(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • bɑqɑ(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • qutu(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • sanɑː(-nɯ, -ʁɑ, -dɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ, -mɑ, -ɴɑ)
  • muzoː(-nu, -ʁo, -do, -ɫuː, -su, -mo, -ɴo)
  • tize(-ni, -ɣe, -de, -lyː, -si, -me, -ŋe)

CV(ː)CV(ː)C stems

The 3rd person possession suffix is the only way to get only an additional V?

  • tɑːsiri
  • sɑːdɑʁɯ
  • tɑːlimi
  • møːnøty
  • qurɑmɯ
  • bɑzɑrɯ
  • bɑːtɯrɯ
  • tɑɫɑβɯ
  • qɑzɑnɯ
  • qɑɫɯɴɯ
  • quɫɑʁɯ
  • køkyly
  • soquru
  • toqumu
  • buːruɫu
  • sɑsɯʁɯ
  • tɑβɑʁɯ
  • tɑmɑʁɯ
  • sɯnɯʁɯ
  • ketiɣi
  • sɯzɯʁɯ
  • kyrøɣy
  • tileɣi
  • kesimi
  • sɑːmɑɫɯ
  • qɑβɑrɯ
  • quɫɑnɯ
  • mɑqɑlɯ
  • mɑrɑɫɯ
  • kiteβi
  • tumɑʁɯ
  • sɑpɑtɯ
  • sɯpɑtɯ
  • beleɣi
  • kømyry
  • bɑɫɯrɯ
  • syrøty
  • qɑʁɑzɯ
  • bølymy
  • murutu
  • sɑqɑɫɯ
  • sɑmɯnɯ
  • sɑmɑnɯ
  • qɑβɑtɯ
  • sɑʁɯzɯ
  • bɑrɑʁɯ
  • boɫotu
  • temiri

VCVCV

  • ɑrɑβɑ
  • ɑqɯrɯ
  • ykyny, ykyɣø, ykydø, ykylyː, ykysy
  • eːrine, eːrime, eːriŋe
  • oːzunɑ
  • eːridi
  • unɑːnɯ, unɑːʁɑ, unɑːdɑ, unɑːɫuː, unɑːsɯ
  • ɯsɯdɯ
  • ɯsɯʁɯ

Russian words, unpredictable stress

  • rokéta
  • banán(-ɯ)
  • balʲét(-ɯ)
  • ʋalʲúta
  • ɡitára
  • kámʲera
  • (ópera)
  • kófʲe(-ni, -de, -ɣe, -lyː, -si)
  • píʋo(-nɯ/nu, -dɑ/do, -ʁɑ/ʁo, -ɫuː, -sɯ/su)
  • ɡazʲéta
  • ɡazón(-u)
  • dekán(-ɯ)
  • zóna(-nɯ, -dɑ, -ʁɑ, -ɫuː, -sɯ)
  • kanáɫ(-ɯ)
  • kanáda
  • ʦarʲíʦa
  • fanʲéra
  • ʋaɡón(-u)
  • fanát(-ɯ)
  • fasád(-ɯ)
  • ɡaráʒ(-ɯ)
  • ɫóɡika
  • polosá
  • ʦˠitáta
  • kamók (kamóɣu)
  • ʦˠigán(-ɯ)
  • tomát(-ɯ)
  • bʲetón(-u)
  • sɑ́ɫo(-sɯ/-su)

palatals or they'd be good

  • ʃøkylø
  • ʤoʁoru
  • kiʧine
  • ʤyɣøry
  • ʤɑmɑːʧɯ
  • tɑːʤɯnɯ, tɑːʤɯʁɑ, tɑːʤɯdɑ, tɑːʤɯɫuː
  • oquːʧu
  • iʧeɣi
  • maʃine/maʃína
  • ʃurunu, ʃuruʁɑ, ʃurudɑ, ʃuruɫuː
  • ʤɑːʁɑnɯ
  • bɯʧɑʁɯ
  • qɑʃɯʁɯ
  • ʤomoʁu
  • ʧɑnɑnɯ
  • dɑrɑʤɑ
  • ʤɑʃɑdɯ, ʤɑʃɑsɑ
  • ʤuːn(-uːdɑ, -uːʁɑ, -uːnu)

patterns likely to be possible

Assuming { a, u, i} and excluding long vowels.

  • CaCaCa
  • CaCaCi
  • CaCaCu
  • CaCiCa
  • CaCiCi
  • CaCiCu
  • CaCuCa
  • CaCuCi
  • CaCuCu

  • CiCaCa
  • CiCaCi
  • CiCaCu
  • CiCiCa
  • CiCiCi
  • CiCiCu
  • CiCuCa
  • CiCuCi
  • CiCuCu

  • CuCaCa
  • CuCaCi
  • CuCaCu
  • CuCiCa
  • CuCiCi
  • CuCiCu
  • CuCuCa
  • CuCuCi
  • CuCuCu