Difference between revisions of "Evolution of German"
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=== The first sound shift === | === The first sound shift === | ||
Continuant options if after a vowel | Continuant options if after a vowel | ||
| − | * {|border="1" | + | * voiceless stops → fricatives |
| + | {|border="1" | ||
|+voiceless | |+voiceless | ||
| p | | p | ||
| Line 42: | Line 43: | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | * {|border="1" | + | * voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops |
| + | {|border="1" | ||
|+aspirated | |+aspirated | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 59: | Line 61: | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | * {|border="1" | + | * voiced stops → unvoiced stops |
| + | {|border="1" | ||
|+voiced | |+voiced | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 10:52, 6 February 2006
These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.
Contents
Evolution
Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic
Verner's Law
| p | t | k | kʷ |
|
→ | |||
| β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
The first sound shift
Continuant options if after a vowel
- voiceless stops → fricatives
| p | t | k | kʷ | s |
|
→ | ||||
| f | θ | x/h | xʷ/hʷ | s |
- voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops
| bʰ | dʰ | ɡʰ | ɡʷʰ |
|
→ | |||
| β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
- voiced stops → unvoiced stops
| b | d | ɡ | ɡʷ |
|
→ | |||
| p | t | k | kʷ |
Stress Shift
Germanic to NW Germanic
- z → r
NW Germanic to West Germanic
- ð → d
Gemination
West Germanic to OHG
Second Sound Shift
(a.k.a. Affricatisation)
- d → t
- β → b
- ɣ → ɡ
