Difference between revisions of "Evolution of German"
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| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
* voiceless stops → fricatives | * voiceless stops → fricatives | ||
{|border="1" | {|border="1" | ||
| − | | | + | |- |
| p | | p | ||
| t | | t | ||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
* voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops | * voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops | ||
{|border="1" | {|border="1" | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| bʰ | | bʰ | ||
| Line 63: | Line 62: | ||
* voiced stops → unvoiced stops | * voiced stops → unvoiced stops | ||
{|border="1" | {|border="1" | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| b | | b | ||
| Line 70: | Line 68: | ||
| ɡʷ | | ɡʷ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | colspan="4" align="center" | | + | | colspan="4" align="center"| |
→ | → | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 10:54, 6 February 2006
These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.
Contents
Evolution
Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic
Verner's Law
| p | t | k | kʷ |
|
→ | |||
| β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
The first sound shift
Continuant options if after a vowel
- voiceless stops → fricatives
| p | t | k | kʷ | s |
|
→ | ||||
| f | θ | x/h | xʷ/hʷ | s |
- voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops
| bʰ | dʰ | ɡʰ | ɡʷʰ |
|
→ | |||
| β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
- voiced stops → unvoiced stops
| b | d | ɡ | ɡʷ |
|
→ | |||
| p | t | k | kʷ |
Stress Shift
Germanic to NW Germanic
- z → r
NW Germanic to West Germanic
- ð → d
Gemination
West Germanic to OHG
Second Sound Shift
(a.k.a. Affricatisation)
- d → t
- β → b
- ɣ → ɡ
