Difference between revisions of "Evolution of German"
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== Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic == | == Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic == | ||
=== Verner's Law === | === Verner's Law === | ||
| + | Continuant options if after a vowel. | ||
| + | * / V<sub>[-stressed]</sub> C<sub>0[+sonorant]</sub> _ {#,C<sub>[+sonorant]</sub>} | ||
{|border="1" | {|border="1" | ||
| − | | | + | |- |
| p | | p | ||
| t | | t | ||
Revision as of 10:58, 6 February 2006
These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.
Contents
Evolution
Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic
Verner's Law
Continuant options if after a vowel.
- / V[-stressed] C0[+sonorant] _ {#,C[+sonorant]}
| p | t | k | kʷ |
|
→ | |||
| β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
The first sound shift
Continuant options if after a vowel
- voiceless stops → fricatives
| p | t | k | kʷ | s |
|
→ | ||||
| f | θ | x/h | xʷ/hʷ | s |
- voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops
| bʰ | dʰ | ɡʰ | ɡʷʰ |
|
→ | |||
| β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
- voiced stops → unvoiced stops
| b | d | ɡ | ɡʷ |
|
→ | |||
| p | t | k | kʷ |
Stress Shift
Germanic to NW Germanic
- z → r
NW Germanic to West Germanic
- ð → d
Gemination
West Germanic to OHG
Second Sound Shift
(a.k.a. Affricatisation)
- d → t
- β → b
- ɣ → ɡ
