Difference between revisions of "Evolution of German"
From FireSpeakerWiki
Jump to navigationJump to searchFirespeaker (talk | contribs) (→The first sound shift: reordering) |
Firespeaker (talk | contribs) (→Second Sound Shift) |
||
Line 93: | Line 93: | ||
=== Second Sound Shift === | === Second Sound Shift === | ||
(a.k.a. Affricatisation) | (a.k.a. Affricatisation) | ||
+ | {|border="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | p | ||
+ | | t | ||
+ | | k | ||
+ | | → | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | pf | ||
+ | | ts | ||
+ | | kx | ||
+ | | / {#,C} _ | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ff | ||
+ | | ss | ||
+ | | xx | ||
+ | | / {V} _ | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | * d → t | + | And some other stuff: |
+ | * d → t (except after a nasal) | ||
* β → b | * β → b | ||
* ɣ → ɡ | * ɣ → ɡ |
Revision as of 11:20, 6 February 2006
These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.
Contents
Evolution
Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic
Verner's Law
Continuant options if after a vowel.
- / V[-stressed] C0[+sonorant] _ {#,C[+sonorant]}
p | t | k | kʷ |
→ | |||
β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
The first sound shift
Continuant options if after a vowel
- voiceless stops → fricatives
p | t | k | kʷ | s |
→ | ||||
f | θ | x/h | xʷ/hʷ | s |
- voiced stops → unvoiced stops
b | d | ɡ | ɡʷ |
→ | |||
p | t | k | kʷ |
- voiced aspirated stops → voiced stops
bʰ | dʰ | ɡʰ | ɡʷʰ |
→ | |||
β/b | d/ð | ɣ/ɡ | ɣʷ/ɡʷ |
Stress Shift
Germanic to NW Germanic
- z → r
NW Germanic to West Germanic
- ð → d
Gemination
West Germanic to OHG
Second Sound Shift
(a.k.a. Affricatisation)
p | t | k | → |
pf | ts | kx | / {#,C} _ |
ff | ss | xx | / {V} _ |
And some other stuff:
- d → t (except after a nasal)
- β → b
- ɣ → ɡ