Difference between revisions of "Turkic sound correspondences"
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!rowspan="2"| *i / _ C æ? | !rowspan="2"| *i / _ C æ? | ||
| − | | | + | | *bæːʃ |
| pil(l)ɛk || beʃ || beʃ || bæʃ || bɛʃ || || beʃ || bæːʃ || bieʃ || pis || beʃ || bies || || ‘five’ | | pil(l)ɛk || beʃ || beʃ || bæʃ || bɛʃ || || beʃ || bæːʃ || bieʃ || pis || beʃ || bies || || ‘five’ | ||
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!rowspan="4"| ? | !rowspan="4"| ? | ||
| − | | | + | | *el, *elik |
| aɫə || — || (ilik) || (ilik) || ɛl || jel || æl || el || æl || || || iliː/eliː || || ‘hand’ | | aɫə || — || (ilik) || (ilik) || ɛl || jel || æl || el || æl || || || iliː/eliː || || ‘hand’ | ||
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!rowspan="1"| *æ / _ C æ? | !rowspan="1"| *æ / _ C æ? | ||
| − | | | + | | *æːr |
| ar || er || er || ær || ɛr || || ær || æːr || hær || ir || er || er || ere || ‘man’ | | ar || er || er || ær || ɛr || || ær || æːr || hær || ir || er || er || ere || ‘man’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 00:00, 12 April 2022
mid vowels
| Correspondence | ЭСТЯ | chv | kir | uzb | uig | tur | gag | aze | tuk | klj | kjh | tyv | sah | Mongolic | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *i / _ C æ? | *bæːʃ | pil(l)ɛk | beʃ | beʃ | bæʃ | bɛʃ | beʃ | bæːʃ | bieʃ | pis | beʃ | bies | ‘five’ | ||
| ɕilxɛ | jɛlɛ | jelæ | lælæk | jelek | jælæːk | ʧilen | ʧel | siel | del | ‘mane, feather’ | |||||
| *æ / _ C i? | kaɕ | keʧ | gɛʧ | giːç | ‘late’ | ||||||||||
| jaɫ | el | el | il/æl | il/ɛl | iel | el | iːl | il | il | ‘nation’ | |||||
| ? | *el, *elik | aɫə | — | (ilik) | (ilik) | ɛl | jel | æl | el | æl | iliː/eliː | ‘hand’ | |||
| pil(ɘk) | bel | bel | bæl | bɛl | bel | bel | biːl | biːel | pil | bel | biːl | belkeɣy | ‘waist; pass’ | ||
| par- | ber- | ber- | bær- | vɛr- | ver- | ver- | ber- | (ver-) | pir- | ber- | bier- | ‘give’ | |||
| keʧeː | keʧæ | kæʧæ | geʤe | geʤæ | geʤæ | giːʤe | kiːeʧæ | kiʒeː | keʒeː | kiehe | ‘evening/yesterday’ | ||||
| *æ / _ C æ? | *æːr | ar | er | er | ær | ɛr | ær | æːr | hær | ir | er | er | ere | ‘man’ | |
| *e? | ɕil | ʤel | jel | jæl | jɛl | jel | jel | jæːl | ʧil | (sillie) | ‘wind’ | ||||
| kil- | kel- | kel- | kæl-/kil- | gʲɛl- | gel- | gæl- | gel | kæl- | kil- | kel- | kel- | ‘come’ | |||
| kir(lɘ) | kerek | keræk | keræk | gɛrɛk | gæræk | gerek | kerek | kirek | xerek | kerex | ‘necessary/necessity’ | ||||
| kas- | kes- | kes- | kes- | kɛs- | kæs- | kes- | kæs- | kis- | keъs- | keheː- | ‘cut’ | ||||
| kaɕ- | keʧ- | keʧ- | kæʧ- | gɛʧ- | geʧ- | keʧ- | geʧ- | kæʧ- | kis- | keъʃ- | kes- | ‘pass over’ | |||
| tarən | tereŋ | teræn | derin | derin | dærin | deriːŋ | tireŋ | tereŋ | tereŋ | ‘deep’ | |||||
| ɕɘr | ʤer | jer | jær | jɛr | jer | jer | jer | jer | ʧir | ʧer | sir | ‘land’ | |||
| *iː? | (ɘɕ) | iʃ | ɨʃ | ɨʃ | iʃ | iʃ | iʃ | iːʃ | iːʃ | iʃ | iːs | yle | ‘work’ | ||
| *ji? | jɘr | iz | ɨz | ɨz | iz | jiz | iz | ɯːz | ɘs | is | ‘trace’ | ||||
| (other?) | ek- | ‘sow’ | |||||||||||||
| egin | ‘grain’ | ||||||||||||||
| Correspondence | chv | kir | uzb | uig | tur | gag | aze | tuk | klj | kjh | tyv | sah | Mongolic | gloss | |
| *y / _ C æ? | kɔʋak | køk | kȯk | køk | gøk | gøk | gøj | gøːk | kiːek | køk | køk | kyøx | køke/kyke | sky; blue | |
| kylɘ | køl | kȯl | køl | gøl | gøl | køl | køːl | køl | xøl | kyøl | lake | ||||
| *yː? | ɕɔʋaɾ | ʤyz | jyz | jyz | (j)yz | yz | jyz | jiːz | ʧys | syːs | niɣur | face |
Vowel-height stuff
| Correspondence | chv | kir | uzb | uig | tur | gag | aze | tuk | klj | kjh | tyv | sah | Mongolic | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ō? | ɕuɫ | ʤoɫ | jȯl | joɫ | joɫ | joɫ | joːɫ | juoːɫ | ʧoɫ | ʧoɫ | suoɫ | ‘road’ | ||
| u/o/ɑ | suːq | sɒʁɨq | soːuk | ‘cold’ | ||||||||||
| monʧoq | mʉnʧɒq | bonʤuk | moːnʤuq | ‘bead/necklace’ | ||||||||||
| topurɑq | tʉprɒq | toprɑk | ‘dirt’ | |||||||||||
| ojʁo-t- | ʉjʁɒ-t- | ujɑ-n- | ‘wake’ | |||||||||||
| surɑ- | sȯra- | sor- | ‘ask’ | |||||||||||
| ö/ü | ön- | ʉn- | ‘grow/rise’ | |||||||||||
| ɑ/ɯ | ʤɑrɯq/ʤɑrqɯn | jɒrqɨn | ʧɯrɯq | ‘bright’ | ||||||||||
| xɯrəm | qɑrɯn/qɑrn- | qɒrɨn/qɒrn- | kɑrɯn/kɑrn- | χɯrɯn/χɯrn- | ‘stomach’ | |||||||||
| tɯmɑr | tɑmɯr | dɑmɑr | dɑmɑr | dɑmɑr | dɑmɑr | dɑmɯr | tɯmɯr | ‘vein, root’ | ||||||
| ɕunɑt | qɑnɑt | kɑnɑt | ɢɑːnɑt | qɑnɑt | kɯnɑt, kɯj̃ɯɑt | ‘wing’ | ||||||||
| il- | ɑɫ- | ɒl- | ɑɫ- | ɯɫ- | ‘take’ | |||||||||
| ujəx | ɑj | ɒj | ɑj | ɯj | ‘moon’ | |||||||||
| ɯʋət- | ɑt- | ɒt- | ɑt- | hɑt- | ɑt- | ɯt- | ‘shoot’ | |||||||
| ʤɑːq | jaʁ | jɑɴɑq | jɑnɑk | jɑnɑq | jɑnɑɢ | jɑɴɑq | nɑːx | ʧɑːq | sɯɴɑːχ | ‘cheek, jaw’ | ||||
| ʧɑʧ- | sɒʧ- | ʧɑʧ- | sɑʧ- | sɑʧ- | sɑʧ- | sɑʧ- | sɑʧ- | sɑs- | ʧɑъʃ- | ɯs- | ‘scatter’ | |||
| ʤɑt- | jɒt- | jɑt- | jɑt- | jɑt- | jɑt- | jɑt- | jɑt- | ʧɑt- | ʧɯt-(ɑr) | sɯt- | ‘lie’ | |||
| ɑ | pɯɫ | bɑɫ | bɒl | bɑɫ | bɑl | pɑl | 'honey' | |||||||
| i~y/æ~œ | pirɘ | bœry | bȯrɨ | børæ | børy | bøːry | biːeri | pyːr | børy | bœrœ | ‘wolf’ |
