Turkic typological features: Difference between revisions
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{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"; | {|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"; | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
! language !! code !! Desonorisation? !! SCL !! *Onset/X !! Nasal harmony !! word-initial */j/ | ! language !! code !!width="10em"| location !! Desonorisation? !! SCL !! *Onset/X !! Nasal harmony !! word-initial */j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Old Turkic | ! Old Turkic | ||
! atk | ! atk | ||
| | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no || unknown | |class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no || unknown | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Khalaj | ! Khalaj | ||
! klj | ! klj | ||
| LL:34.1,49.7 | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | | || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Turfan Uyghur | ! Turfan Uyghur | ||
! uig-t | ! uig-t | ||
| LL:42.95,89.18 | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Uyghur | ! Uyghur | ||
! uig | ! uig | ||
| LL:43.79,87.61 | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Uzbek | ! Uzbek (Qarluq/standard) | ||
! uzb | ! uzb | ||
| [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Farg%27ona,+Uzbekistan&sll=40.38641,71.786377&sspn=0.008777,0.021029&ie=UTF8&cd=1&geocode=FWo_aAIdiV9HBA&split=0&ll=40.388397,71.784668&spn=2.246685,5.383301&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A F], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Qarshi,+Uzbekistan&sll=40.388397,71.784668&sspn=2.246685,5.383301&ie=UTF8&ll=38.822591,65.808105&spn=9.188144,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Q], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Samarqand,+O%27zbekiston&sll=40.42186,67.972412&sspn=4.490761,10.766602&ie=UTF8&ll=39.550648,67.098999&spn=2.274384,5.383301&t=h&z=8 S], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Bukhara,+Uzbekistan&sll=39.550648,67.098999&sspn=2.274384,5.383301&ie=UTF8&cd=1&split=0&geocode=FRxfXwIdpAjXAw&ll=39.808536,64.423828&spn=4.531408,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A B], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Turkestan,+Kazakhstan&sll=39.808536,64.423828&sspn=4.531408,10.766602&ie=UTF8&ll=43.2932,68.269043&spn=8.58613,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Tk], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Toshkent,+Uzbekistan&sll=43.2932,68.269043&sspn=8.58613,21.533203&ie=UTF8&ll=41.319076,69.246826&spn=4.430373,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A T], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Chimkent,+Kazakhstan&sll=41.319076,69.246826&sspn=4.430373,10.766602&ie=UTF8&ll=42.666281,70.004883&spn=8.36808,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Ch] | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |||
! Uzbek (Toshkent) | |||
! uzb(-t) | |||
| LL:41.3,69.35 (Toshkent) | |||
| || ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |||
! Uzbek (Qypchaq/Shayboniy) | |||
! uzb(-q) | |||
| [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Samarqand,+O%27zbekiston&sll=40.42186,67.972412&sspn=4.490761,10.766602&ie=UTF8&ll=39.550648,67.098999&spn=2.274384,5.383301&t=h&z=8 S], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Bukhara,+Uzbekistan&sll=39.550648,67.098999&sspn=2.274384,5.383301&ie=UTF8&cd=1&split=0&geocode=FRxfXwIdpAjXAw&ll=39.808536,64.423828&spn=4.531408,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A B], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Qashqadaryo,+Uzbekistan&sll=42.617791,69.960938&sspn=16.741736,43.066406&ie=UTF8&ll=38.899583,66.049805&spn=4.59069,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A Q], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Surxondaryo,+Uzbekistan&sll=38.899583,66.049805&sspn=4.59069,10.766602&ie=UTF8&ll=37.9409,67.570854&spn=4.651754,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A S], N [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Xorazm,+Uzbekistan&sll=41.376809,60.369873&sspn=4.42645,10.766602&ie=UTF8&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A Xo], N [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Farg%27ona,+Uzbekistan&sll=40.38641,71.786377&sspn=0.008777,0.021029&ie=UTF8&cd=1&geocode=FWo_aAIdiV9HBA&split=0&ll=40.388397,71.784668&spn=2.246685,5.383301&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A F] regions, [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Ahangaran&sll=37.9409,67.570854&sspn=2.326271,5.383301&ie=UTF8&ll=35.514343,68.093262&spn=9.597694,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Oh?] | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Uzbek (Oghuz) | |||
! uzb(-o) | |||
| [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Urgench,+Uzbekistan&sll=42.666281,70.004883&sspn=8.36808,21.533203&ie=UTF8&cd=1&geocode=FYwGegIdSFidAw&split=0&ll=41.722131,60.644531&spn=8.493575,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A U], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Xiva,+Uzbekistan&sll=41.722131,60.644531&sspn=8.493575,21.533203&ie=UTF8&ll=41.376809,60.369873&spn=4.42645,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A Xi], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Xorazm,+Uzbekistan&sll=41.376809,60.369873&sspn=4.42645,10.766602&ie=UTF8&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A Xo], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=To%27rtko%27l,+Uzbekistan&sll=41.356534,60.856669&sspn=2.214089,5.383301&g=Xorazm,+Uzbekistan&ie=UTF8&ll=42.5207,60.858765&spn=2.174031,5.383301&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A T]/S, [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Karakul,+Bukhoro,+Uzbekistan&sll=41.244772,73.037109&sspn=35.318511,86.132813&ie=UTF8&cd=2&geocode=FUj7WgIdsG7OAw&split=0&ll=39.517,63.8604&spn=4.550286,10.766602&t=h&z=7&iwloc=A Qk]/[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Samarqand,+O%27zbekiston&sll=40.42186,67.972412&sspn=4.490761,10.766602&ie=UTF8&ll=39.550648,67.098999&spn=2.274384,5.383301&t=h&z=8 A], ([http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Staryy+Ikan,+Ongtustik+Qazaqstan,+Kazakhstan&sll=42.382894,69.960938&sspn=4.203476,10.766602&ie=UTF8&cd=2&geocode=FUACkwIdFKAVBA&split=0&ll=43.181147,68.532715&spn=8.601877,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A I]/[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Karabulak,+Ongtustik+Kazakhstan&sll=44.9124,78.4814&sspn=8.354096,21.533203&ie=UTF8&ll=42.682435,69.763184&spn=8.365913,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Qb]), [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Karamurt,+Kazakhstan&sll=42.682435,69.763184&sspn=8.365913,21.533203&ie=UTF8&cd=1&geocode=FSGIhQIdmY4rBA&split=0&ll=42.293564,69.960938&spn=17.439282,43.066406&t=h&z=5&iwloc=A Qm] | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Salar | ! Salar | ||
! slr | ! slr | ||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | | || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |||
! Khorasani | |||
! kmz | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="no"| /∅/, (/j/) | |||
|- | |||
! Sonqori | |||
! (sqr) | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="no"| /∅/~/j/ | |||
|- | |||
! Bojnurdi | |||
! (jnr) | |||
| LL:37.47,57.33 ([http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=bojnurd&sll=36.315125,52.954102&sspn=9.925616,21.533203&ie=UTF8&ll=37.474858,57.32666&spn=9.776632,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A B]) | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Turkmen | ! Turkmen | ||
! tuk | ! tuk | ||
| | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Azeri | ! Azeri | ||
! aze | ! aze | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"| /∅/, /j/ | | | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"| /∅/, (/j/) | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Turkish | ! Turkish | ||
! tur | ! tur | ||
| | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |||
! Urum | |||
! uum | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Gagauz | ! Gagauz | ||
! gag | ! gag | ||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="no"| /j/, /∅/ | | || || || ||class="no"| /j/, /∅/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Crimean Tatar | ! Crimean Tatar (north) | ||
! crh | ! crh(-n) | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no || | | | ||
| || || || ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Crimean Tatar (central) | |||
! crh(-c) | |||
| | |||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||style="background: violet;"| /j/~/ʤ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Crimean Tatar (south) | |||
! crh(-s) | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |||
! Krymchak | |||
! jct | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="fem" colspan="3"| /j/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Karaim | ! Karaim | ||
! | ! kdr | ||
| || || || ||class="no"| /j/, / | | | ||
| || || || ||class="no" colspan="3"| /j/, /∅/ (/_V<sub>[+hi]</sub>) | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Kumyk | ! Kumyk | ||
! kum | ! kum | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes || | | | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||style="background: violet;" colspan="3"| /j/, /ʤ/ (/_V<sub>[+hi]</sub>?) | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Karachay-Balkar | ! Karachay-Balkar | ||
! krc | ! krc | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʒ/ (/ʤ/ | | | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʤ/~/∅/ (/_V<sub>[+low]</sub>) | |||
|- | |||
! Baxsan & Chegem (Balkar) | |||
! (krc-bc) | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Xulam-Bezinga (Balkar) | |||
! (krc-xb) | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="masc"| /ʤ/~/ʒ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Malkar (Balkar) | |||
! (krc-m) | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="masc"| /z/~/ʤ/~/ʒ/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Tatar | ! Tatar | ||
! tat | ! tat | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||style="background: violet;"| /j/, /ʒ/ | | LL:55.79,49.1 | ||
|class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||style="background: violet;"| /j/, /ʒ/ (/_V<sub>[+hi]</sub>) | |||
|- | |||
! Baraba | |||
! bab | |||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Bashqort | ! Bashqort | ||
! bak | ! bak | ||
| LL:54.7,56 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Nogay | ! Yurt Tatar | ||
! (nog-y) | |||
| [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Russian+Federation,+Astrakhanskaya+oblast,+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD&sll=46.346928,47.307129&sspn=8.144477,21.533203&ie=UTF8&ll=46.377254,48.164063&spn=7.853009,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A П], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=Russian+Federation,+Astrakhanskaya+oblast,+%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD&sll=59.734253,48.427734&sspn=11.930961,43.066406&ie=UTF8&cd=1&geocode=FSI1wwIdtNrRAg&split=0&ll=46.346928,47.307129&spn=8.144477,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Н], [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Russian+Federation,+Astrakhanskaya+oblast,+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD&sll=46.377254,48.164063&sspn=7.853009,21.533203&ie=UTF8&ll=46.339343,48.647461&spn=1.964474,5.383301&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A В] | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |||
! [Qara] Nogay | |||
! nog | ! nog | ||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||style="background: | | LL:43,47.2 [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=dagestan,+russia&sll=34.780818,47.580414&sspn=0.151426,0.336456&ie=UTF8&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A Q] | ||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |||
! Central Nogay | |||
! (ng-ac) | |||
| LL:45,42 ([http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=stavropol,+russia&sll=45.092914,38.781738&sspn=2.008779,5.383301&ie=UTF8&ll=45.042478,41.989746&spn=8.33606,21.533203&t=h&z=6&iwloc=A C]) | |||
| || || || ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Aq Nogay | |||
! (ng-ac) | |||
| LL:45.1,38.5 ([http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=kuban+river&sll=45.020156,38.800964&sspn=0.502834,1.345825&ie=UTF8&ll=45.092914,38.781738&spn=2.008779,5.383301&t=h&z=8&iwloc=A A]) | |||
| || || || ||class="masc"| /ʒ/ | |||
|- | |||
! Alabugat | |||
! (nog-a) | |||
| | |||
|class="yes"|yes? ||class="no"|no? ||class="yes"|yes? ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/ | |||
|- | |||
! Karagash | |||
! (nog-k) | |||
| | |||
|class="yes"|yes? ||class="yes"|yes? ||class="yes"|yes? ||class="yes"|yes? ||style="background: lightgreen;"| /ʧ/~/ʤ/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Kazakh | ! Kazakh | ||
! kaz | ! kaz | ||
| LL:47.1,51.9/43.3,76.9 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʒ/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʒ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Karakalpak | ! Karakalpak | ||
! kaa | ! kaa | ||
| LL:42.5,59.5 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʒ/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʒ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Kyrgyz | ! Kyrgyz | ||
! kir | ! kir | ||
| LL:41.5,75.2 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="check"|kind of ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="check"|kind of ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Altay | ! Altay (Southern) | ||
! alt | ! alt(-s) | ||
| LL:50.7,87 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /dʲ/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /dʲ/ | ||
|- | |||
! Altay (Northern) | |||
! (alt-n) | |||
| LL:53,83.5 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ (north) | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Khakas | ! Khakas | ||
! kjh | ! kjh | ||
| LL:53.72,91.5 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Shor | ! Shor | ||
! cjs | ! cjs | ||
| LL:55.35,86.1 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Chulym | ! Chulym | ||
! osc | ! <s>osc</s>→clw | ||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no || | | | ||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="fem"| /j/? | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Tuvan | ! Tuvan | ||
! tyv | ! tyv | ||
| LL:51.7,94.4 | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ (/s/) | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ (/s/) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Tofalar | ! Tofalar | ||
! kim | ! kim | ||
| | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ (/s/) | |class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="no"|no ||class="neut"| /ʧ/ (/s/) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Fu-yü Gyrgys | ! Fu-yü Gyrgys | ||
! fyg | ! (fyg) | ||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes || unknown ||class="yes"|yes || | | LL:47.79,124.46 | ||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="yes"|yes || unknown ||class="yes"|yes ||class="masc"| /ʤ/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Sary-Yugur | ! Sary-Yugur | ||
! ybe | ! ybe | ||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | | || || || ||class="fem"| /j/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Sakha | ! Sakha | ||
! sah | ! sah | ||
| | |||
|class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="neut"| /s/ | |class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="yes"|yes ||class="no"|no ||class="neut"| /s/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dolgan | ! Dolgan | ||
! | ! dlg | ||
| | |||
| || || || ||class="neut"| /h/ | | || || || ||class="neut"| /h/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Chuvash | ! Chuvash | ||
! chv | ! chv | ||
| || || || ||style="background: lightgreen;"| /ɕ/ → /ʃ/ | | LL:55.6,46.9 | ||
| || || || ||style="background: lightgreen;"| */ʝ/ → /ɕ/ → /ʃ/ | |||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Turkic Languages]] |
Latest revision as of 09:14, 23 October 2009
language | code | location | Desonorisation? | SCL | *Onset/X | Nasal harmony | word-initial */j/ | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Old Turkic | atk | no | no | no | no | unknown | |||
Khalaj | klj | LL:34.1,49.7 | /j/ | ||||||
Turfan Uyghur | uig-t | LL:42.95,89.18 | no | no | no | no | /j/ | ||
Uyghur | uig | LL:43.79,87.61 | no | no | no | no | /j/ | ||
Uzbek (Qarluq/standard) | uzb | F, Q, S, B, Tk, T, Ch | no | no | no | no | /j/ | ||
Uzbek (Toshkent) | uzb(-t) | LL:41.3,69.35 (Toshkent) | yes | no | /j/ | ||||
Uzbek (Qypchaq/Shayboniy) | uzb(-q) | S, B, Q, S, N Xo, N F regions, Oh? | yes | no | no | yes | /ʤ/ | ||
Uzbek (Oghuz) | uzb(-o) | U, Xi, Xo, T/S, Qk/A, (I/Qb), Qm | no | no | no | no | /j/ | ||
Salar | slr | /j/ | |||||||
Khorasani | kmz | /∅/, (/j/) | |||||||
Sonqori | (sqr) | /∅/~/j/ | |||||||
Bojnurdi | (jnr) | LL:37.47,57.33 (B) | /j/ | ||||||
Turkmen | tuk | no | no | yes | no | /j/ | |||
Azeri | aze | no | no | yes | no | /∅/, (/j/) | |||
Turkish | tur | no | no | yes | no | /j/ | |||
Urum | uum | /j/ | |||||||
Gagauz | gag | /j/, /∅/ | |||||||
Crimean Tatar (north) | crh(-n) | /ʤ/ | |||||||
Crimean Tatar (central) | crh(-c) | no | no | no | no | /j/~/ʤ/ | |||
Crimean Tatar (south) | crh(-s) | /j/ | |||||||
Krymchak | jct | /j/ | |||||||
Karaim | kdr | /j/, /∅/ (/_V[+hi]) | |||||||
Kumyk | kum | no | no | no | yes | /j/, /ʤ/ (/_V[+hi]?) | |||
Karachay-Balkar | krc | no | no | no | yes | /ʤ/~/∅/ (/_V[+low]) | |||
Baxsan & Chegem (Balkar) | (krc-bc) | /ʤ/ | |||||||
Xulam-Bezinga (Balkar) | (krc-xb) | /ʤ/~/ʒ/ | |||||||
Malkar (Balkar) | (krc-m) | /z/~/ʤ/~/ʒ/ | |||||||
Tatar | tat | LL:55.79,49.1 | no | no | no | yes | /j/, /ʒ/ (/_V[+hi]) | ||
Baraba | bab | /j/ | |||||||
Bashqort | bak | LL:54.7,56 | yes | no | yes | no | /j/ | ||
Yurt Tatar | (nog-y) | П, Н, В | /j/ | ||||||
[Qara] Nogay | nog | LL:43,47.2 Q | yes | yes | no | yes | /j/ | ||
Central Nogay | (ng-ac) | LL:45,42 (C) | /ʤ/ | ||||||
Aq Nogay | (ng-ac) | LL:45.1,38.5 (A) | /ʒ/ | ||||||
Alabugat | (nog-a) | yes? | no? | yes? | no | /j/ | |||
Karagash | (nog-k) | yes? | yes? | yes? | yes? | /ʧ/~/ʤ/ | |||
Kazakh | kaz | LL:47.1,51.9/43.3,76.9 | yes | yes | yes | yes | /ʒ/ | ||
Karakalpak | kaa | LL:42.5,59.5 | yes | yes | yes | yes | /ʒ/ | ||
Kyrgyz | kir | LL:41.5,75.2 | yes | yes | yes | kind of | /ʤ/ | ||
Altay (Southern) | alt(-s) | LL:50.7,87 | yes | yes | yes | yes | /dʲ/ | ||
Altay (Northern) | (alt-n) | LL:53,83.5 | yes | yes | yes | yes | /ʧ/ (north) | ||
Khakas | kjh | LL:53.72,91.5 | yes | yes | no | yes | /ʧ/ | ||
Shor | cjs | LL:55.35,86.1 | yes | yes | yes | yes | /ʧ/ | ||
Chulym | yes | yes | no | no | /j/? | ||||
Tuvan | tyv | LL:51.7,94.4 | yes | yes | no | no | /ʧ/ (/s/) | ||
Tofalar | kim | yes | yes | no | no | /ʧ/ (/s/) | |||
Fu-yü Gyrgys | (fyg) | LL:47.79,124.46 | yes | yes | unknown | yes | /ʤ/ | ||
Sary-Yugur | ybe | /j/ | |||||||
Sakha | sah | yes | no | yes | no | /s/ | |||
Dolgan | dlg | /h/ | |||||||
Chuvash | chv | LL:55.6,46.9 | */ʝ/ → /ɕ/ → /ʃ/ |