Kyrgyz nominal morphology: Difference between revisions
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{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
! form !! name !! involved demotion/promotion !! adverbial use !! attributive use !! substantival use (new base) | ! form !! name !! involved demotion/promotion !! adverbial use !! attributive use !! substantival use (new base) !! morphology | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! nom | ! !! nom | ||
| yes || yes || yes || (yes) | | yes || yes || yes || (yes) || ((pl)(px)) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! -NI !! acc | ! -NI !! acc | ||
| yes || no(?) || no || no | | yes || no(?) || no || no || ((pl)(px.)) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! - | ! -NIн !! gen | ||
| yes || no || ~yes || no | | yes || no || ~yes || no || ((pl)(px)) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! -GA !! dat | ! -GA !! dat | ||
| yes || yes || no || no | | yes || yes || no || no || ((pl)(px.n)) | ||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! -DA !! loc | |||
| no || yes || no || no || ((pl)(px.n)) | |||
|- | |||
! -DAн !! abl | |||
| no || yes || no || no || ((pl)(px.N)) | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! -DAGI !! loc.attr | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || ((pl)(px.n)) | |||
|- | |||
! -NIKI !! gen.subst | |||
| no || no || no || yes || ((pl)(px)) | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! -DAй !! equ | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes || ((pl)(px.n)) | |||
|- | |||
! -LUU !! orn | |||
| no || yes? || yes || yes || — | |||
|- | |||
! -сIз !! priv/abe | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes || ((pl)(px)) | |||
|- | |||
! -чA !! sim | |||
| no || yes || yes? || yes? || ((pl)(px?)) | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! менен !! inst/com | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom(/acc) | |||
|- | |||
! үчүн !! "for" | |||
| no || yes || no? || no || nom(/acc) | |||
|- | |||
! аркылуу !! "through", "via" | |||
| no || yes || no? || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! мурун !! "ago" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! мурунку !! "ago" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || nom | |||
|- | |||
! тууралуу !! "about" | |||
| no || yes || yes? || no? || nom | |||
|- | |||
! жөнүндө !! "about" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! жөнүндөгү !! "about" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || nom | |||
|- | |||
! боюнча || "according to", "around" | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes? || nom | |||
|- | |||
! сайын !! "every" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! катары || "as" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! ирентинде !! "as" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! ирентиндеги !! ~"as" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes? || nom | |||
|- | |||
! болгон үчүн !! "due to" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! болсо || "as for" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || nom | |||
|- | |||
! жак || "by" | |||
| no || no || no || yes || nom | |||
|- | |||
! сыяктуу || "similar to" | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes || nom | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! көздөй || "towards" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || acc | |||
|- | |||
! карай || "towards" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || acc | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! чейин || "before" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || dat | |||
|- | |||
! чейинки || "before" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || dat | |||
|- | |||
! каршы || "against" | |||
| no || yes || yes? || yes || dat | |||
|- | |||
! карата || "towards", "according to", "depending on" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || dat | |||
|- | |||
! жараша || "per/according to", "in accordance w̄", "related to" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || dat | |||
|- | |||
! ылайык || "per/according to", "in accordance w̄" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || dat | |||
|- | |||
! караганда || "compared to" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || dat | |||
|- | |||
! тийишелүү || "regarding/in regards to, concerning/as concerns" | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes? || dat | |||
|- | |||
! тийиштүү || "regarding/in regards to, concerning/as concerns" | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes? || dat | |||
|- | |||
! окшоп || "similar to" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || dat | |||
|- | |||
! окшогон || "similar to" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || dat | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! соң || "after, since" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || abl(/nom) | |||
|- | |||
! соңку || "after, since" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || abl(/nom) | |||
|- | |||
! кийин || "after, since" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || abl | |||
|- | |||
! кийинки || "after, since" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || abl | |||
|- | |||
! бери || "since" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || abl | |||
|- | |||
! берки || "since" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || abl | |||
|- | |||
! ары || "beyond" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || abl | |||
|- | |||
! аркы || "beyond" | |||
| no || no || yes || yes || abl | |||
|- | |||
! тышкары || "except for, excluding, besides" | |||
| no || yes || ? || ? || abl | |||
|- | |||
! башка || "other than" | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes || abl | |||
|- | |||
! көрө || "instead of" | |||
| no || yes || no || no || abl | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! байланыштуу || "related to" / "in connection with" | |||
| no || yes || yes || yes || dat/менен | |||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:04, 14 February 2023
| form | name | involved demotion/promotion | adverbial use | attributive use | substantival use (new base) | morphology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nom | yes | yes | yes | (yes) | ((pl)(px)) | |
| -NI | acc | yes | no(?) | no | no | ((pl)(px.)) |
| -NIн | gen | yes | no | ~yes | no | ((pl)(px)) |
| -GA | dat | yes | yes | no | no | ((pl)(px.n)) |
| -DA | loc | no | yes | no | no | ((pl)(px.n)) |
| -DAн | abl | no | yes | no | no | ((pl)(px.N)) |
| -DAGI | loc.attr | no | no | yes | yes | ((pl)(px.n)) |
| -NIKI | gen.subst | no | no | no | yes | ((pl)(px)) |
| -DAй | equ | no | yes | yes | yes | ((pl)(px.n)) |
| -LUU | orn | no | yes? | yes | yes | — |
| -сIз | priv/abe | no | yes | yes | yes | ((pl)(px)) |
| -чA | sim | no | yes | yes? | yes? | ((pl)(px?)) |
| менен | inst/com | no | yes | no | no | nom(/acc) |
| үчүн | "for" | no | yes | no? | no | nom(/acc) |
| аркылуу | "through", "via" | no | yes | no? | no | nom |
| мурун | "ago" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| мурунку | "ago" | no | no | yes | yes | nom |
| тууралуу | "about" | no | yes | yes? | no? | nom |
| жөнүндө | "about" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| жөнүндөгү | "about" | no | no | yes | yes | nom |
| боюнча | "according to", "around" | no | yes | yes | yes? | nom |
| сайын | "every" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| катары | "as" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| ирентинде | "as" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| ирентиндеги | ~"as" | no | no | yes | yes? | nom |
| болгон үчүн | "due to" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| болсо | "as for" | no | yes | no | no | nom |
| жак | "by" | no | no | no | yes | nom |
| сыяктуу | "similar to" | no | yes | yes | yes | nom |
| көздөй | "towards" | no | yes | no | no | acc |
| карай | "towards" | no | yes | no | no | acc |
| чейин | "before" | no | yes | no | no | dat |
| чейинки | "before" | no | no | yes | yes | dat |
| каршы | "against" | no | yes | yes? | yes | dat |
| карата | "towards", "according to", "depending on" | no | yes | no | no | dat |
| жараша | "per/according to", "in accordance w̄", "related to" | no | yes | no | no | dat |
| ылайык | "per/according to", "in accordance w̄" | no | yes | no | no | dat |
| караганда | "compared to" | no | yes | no | no | dat |
| тийишелүү | "regarding/in regards to, concerning/as concerns" | no | yes | yes | yes? | dat |
| тийиштүү | "regarding/in regards to, concerning/as concerns" | no | yes | yes | yes? | dat |
| окшоп | "similar to" | no | yes | no | no | dat |
| окшогон | "similar to" | no | no | yes | yes | dat |
| соң | "after, since" | no | yes | no | no | abl(/nom) |
| соңку | "after, since" | no | no | yes | yes | abl(/nom) |
| кийин | "after, since" | no | yes | no | no | abl |
| кийинки | "after, since" | no | no | yes | yes | abl |
| бери | "since" | no | yes | no | no | abl |
| берки | "since" | no | no | yes | yes | abl |
| ары | "beyond" | no | yes | no | no | abl |
| аркы | "beyond" | no | no | yes | yes | abl |
| тышкары | "except for, excluding, besides" | no | yes | ? | ? | abl |
| башка | "other than" | no | yes | yes | yes | abl |
| көрө | "instead of" | no | yes | no | no | abl |
| байланыштуу | "related to" / "in connection with" | no | yes | yes | yes | dat/менен |
