Tæĺf: Difference between revisions
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=== The changes === | === The changes === | ||
==== Tæĺf ==== | |||
* o → u / __ X<sub>[+labial]</sub> | |||
* unstressed short vowels reduce: | |||
{| border=1 style="margin-left: 2em;" | |||
|- | |||
! 1 !! 2 | |||
|- | |||
|a||ɐ | |||
|- | |||
|o | |||
|rowspan=2|ə | |||
|- | |||
|e | |||
|- | |||
|i | |||
|rowspan=3|ʉ/ɨ | |||
|- | |||
|y | |||
|- | |||
|u | |||
|} | |||
* reduced vowels disappear, diphthongise | |||
** {ə,ʉ,ɐ} → ∅ / __ # | |||
** {ʉ,ə} → {ʉu̯,əu̯} / __ ]<sub>σ</sub> | |||
* In stressed syllables, long vowels shifted down; long low vowels diphthongised: | |||
{| border=1 style="margin-left: 2em;" | |||
|- | |||
! 1 !! 2 | |||
|- | |||
|ī||ē | |||
|- | |||
|ē||ǣ | |||
|- | |||
|ā||au̯ | |||
|- | |||
|ō||ā | |||
|- | |||
|ū||ō | |||
|} | |||
* Long vowels shorten in a closed syllable | |||
** Vː → [-long] / __ C<sub>1</sub>]<sub>σ</sub> | |||
** ī → i, ē → e, ǣ → æ, ā → a, ō → o, ū → u | |||
* non-sonorant consonants devoice at the end of a word | |||
** C<sub>[-son]</sub> → [-voice] / __ # | |||
* consonants devoice before a devoiced consonant (/sound) | |||
** C → [-voice] / __ C<sub>[-voice]</sub> | |||
* non-coronal (dental/alveolar) fricatives become stops word-finally when after a vowel or voiced sonorant | |||
** C<sub>[-coronal]</sub> → [+stop] / V __ # | |||
** C<sub>[-coronal]</sub> → [+stop] / C[+son,+vc] __ # | |||
* voiced non-nasal labials and velars (non-coronals) become approximants | |||
** C<sub>[+cons,-cor,-nas,+vc]</sub> → [+approx] | |||
** {u̯,v,w} → w | |||
** g → ɣ | |||
* some things become stops at the beginning of syllables: | |||
** ɣ,ŋ → g / <sub>σ</sub>[ __ | |||
** w → b / <sub>σ</sub>[ __ | |||
* some things become stops at the end of words or syllables: | |||
** w → p / __ # | |||
* big changes in codas: | |||
** l → o̯ / V __ C<sub>0</sub> ]<sub>σ</sub> | |||
** {k,g,z} → {x,ɣ,j} / {V,C<sub>[+son]</sub>} __ C<sub>1</sub> ]<sub>σ</sub> | |||
** C<sub>[+stop,-vc]</sub> → [-stop] / __ C<sub>1</sub> ]<sub>σ</sub> | |||
* continual process of devoicing reapplies to fix recent problems | |||
** {o̯,w} → f / __ C<sub>[-vc]</sub> | |||
* beginning of words starting with vowels acquire an h, if vowel is long, vowel shortens: | |||
** V → [-long] / # __ | |||
** ∅ → h / # __ V | |||
Revision as of 05:29, 29 August 2005
Sound changes from Tēlvo
What changed
- noun & verb pre- and post-bound forms for 2, 3, 4, and 5 phoneme radicals.
The changes
Tæĺf
- o → u / __ X[+labial]
- unstressed short vowels reduce:
| 1 | 2 |
|---|---|
| a | ɐ |
| o | ə |
| e | |
| i | ʉ/ɨ |
| y | |
| u |
- reduced vowels disappear, diphthongise
- {ə,ʉ,ɐ} → ∅ / __ #
- {ʉ,ə} → {ʉu̯,əu̯} / __ ]σ
- In stressed syllables, long vowels shifted down; long low vowels diphthongised:
| 1 | 2 |
|---|---|
| ī | ē |
| ē | ǣ |
| ā | au̯ |
| ō | ā |
| ū | ō |
- Long vowels shorten in a closed syllable
- Vː → [-long] / __ C1]σ
- ī → i, ē → e, ǣ → æ, ā → a, ō → o, ū → u
- non-sonorant consonants devoice at the end of a word
- C[-son] → [-voice] / __ #
- consonants devoice before a devoiced consonant (/sound)
- C → [-voice] / __ C[-voice]
- non-coronal (dental/alveolar) fricatives become stops word-finally when after a vowel or voiced sonorant
- C[-coronal] → [+stop] / V __ #
- C[-coronal] → [+stop] / C[+son,+vc] __ #
- voiced non-nasal labials and velars (non-coronals) become approximants
- C[+cons,-cor,-nas,+vc] → [+approx]
- {u̯,v,w} → w
- g → ɣ
- some things become stops at the beginning of syllables:
- ɣ,ŋ → g / σ[ __
- w → b / σ[ __
- some things become stops at the end of words or syllables:
- w → p / __ #
- big changes in codas:
- l → o̯ / V __ C0 ]σ
- {k,g,z} → {x,ɣ,j} / {V,C[+son]} __ C1 ]σ
- C[+stop,-vc] → [-stop] / __ C1 ]σ
- continual process of devoicing reapplies to fix recent problems
- {o̯,w} → f / __ C[-vc]
- beginning of words starting with vowels acquire an h, if vowel is long, vowel shortens:
- V → [-long] / # __
- ∅ → h / # __ V
