Evolution of German: Difference between revisions

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began page with some stuff, just not big stuff
 
1stSS,Verner's
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These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.
These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.
== Evolution ==
[[Image:tree.png]]


== Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic ==
== Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic ==
=== Verner's Law ===
{|border="1"
|+voiceless
| p
| t
| k
| kʷ
|-
| colspan="4" align="center" |
|-
| β/b
| d/ð
| ɣ/ɡ
| ɣʷ/ɡʷ
|}
=== The first sound shift ===
=== The first sound shift ===
{|border="1"
|+voiceless
| p
| t
| k
| kʷ
| s
|-
| colspan="5" align="center" |
|-
| f
| θ
| x/h
| xʷ/hʷ
| s
|}
{|border="1"
|+aspirated
|-
| bʰ
| dʰ
| ɡʰ
| ɡʷʰ
|-
| colspan="4" align="center" |
|-
| β/b
| d/ð
| ɣ/ɡ
| ɣʷ/ɡʷ
|}


=== Verner's Law ===
{|border="1"
|+voiced
|-
| b
| d
| ɡ
| ɡʷ
|-
| colspan="4" align="center" |
|-
| p
| t
| k
| kʷ
|}


=== Stress Shift ===
=== Stress Shift ===
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=== Second Sound Shift ===
=== Second Sound Shift ===
(a.k.a. Affricatisation)
(a.k.a. Affricatisation)


* d → t
* d → t
* β → b
* ɣ → ɡ
* ɣ → ɡ

Revision as of 14:31, 6 February 2006

These are just notes to get my thoughts together for a test; no guarantee is given as to the accuracy of this information and the site license stands.

Evolution

Proto-IE to Proto-Germanic

Verner's Law

voiceless
p t k

β/b d/ð ɣ/ɡ ɣʷ/ɡʷ

The first sound shift

voiceless
p t k s

f θ x/h xʷ/hʷ s
aspirated
ɡʰ ɡʷʰ

β/b d/ð ɣ/ɡ ɣʷ/ɡʷ
voiced
b d ɡ ɡʷ

p t k

Stress Shift

Germanic to NW Germanic

  • z → r

NW Germanic to West Germanic

  • ð → d

Gemination

West Germanic to OHG

Second Sound Shift

(a.k.a. Affricatisation)

  • d → t
  • β → b
  • ɣ → ɡ