Difference between revisions of "Kazakh a~ɯ problem"
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== Cognates == | == Cognates == | ||
=== Vocab === | === Vocab === | ||
| − | * Kk: qattı 'strong'; Uz: qatta 'big' | + | * Kk: qattı 'strong'; Uz: qatta 'big' (<- Uz: katta 'big', not *qatta, probably Uz: qattiq 'strong, tough, hard') |
* Kk: injir 'fig'; Uz: änjir 'fig' | * Kk: injir 'fig'; Uz: änjir 'fig' | ||
* Kk: pikir 'poor'; fakir 'beggar' | * Kk: pikir 'poor'; fakir 'beggar' | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
* Kk: jı(l)mıy- ‘smile’; Ky: jılmay-; Uz: jilmay- (iljay-) | * Kk: jı(l)mıy- ‘smile’; Ky: jılmay-; Uz: jilmay- (iljay-) | ||
* Kk: janat ‘raccoon’; Ky: janut | * Kk: janat ‘raccoon’; Ky: janut | ||
| − | * Ky: qoşuna ‘neighbour’; Uz: qoshni | + | * Ky: qoşuna ‘neighbour’; Uz: qoshni; Uy xoshna/qoshna |
=== Functional Morphemes === | === Functional Morphemes === | ||
Revision as of 15:13, 29 September 2009
Contents
Surface vs written forms
The following words I've heard pronounced in the following ways:
- jaqsı [ʒɑχsɑ]
- balıqşı [bɑlɯqʃɑ]
- Kg: taraza [tɑrɑzɯ]
- Kz: "Sol durıssız ba?" [sʷʊl dʊˈrɑsɯz̥ pɑ]
Cognates
Vocab
- Kk: qattı 'strong'; Uz: qatta 'big' (<- Uz: katta 'big', not *qatta, probably Uz: qattiq 'strong, tough, hard')
- Kk: injir 'fig'; Uz: änjir 'fig'
- Kk: pikir 'poor'; fakir 'beggar'
- Kk: sayasat 'politics'; siyasät
- Kk: ustara 'razor'; ustura; Ky/Uz: ustara
- Kk: qaya; Tt: qıya
- Kk: ara 'bee, wasp'; Ky: aarı (but Kk: ara 'saw'; Ky: araa)
- Kk: jı(l)mıy- ‘smile’; Ky: jılmay-; Uz: jilmay- (iljay-)
- Kk: janat ‘raccoon’; Ky: janut
- Ky: qoşuna ‘neighbour’; Uz: qoshni; Uy xoshna/qoshna
Functional Morphemes
- Question Particle:
- Kz: MA
- Kg: -BI
- Uz: -mi
- Uy: -mu (but Kashgar dial. '-ma', trad. interpreted as '-mu' + '-a' [emph. part.])
- Tk: -mI
- (PrTk, most other Turkic: -mI)
- 1st person singular copula / present-tense verbal "agreement":
- Kk: -MIn
- Kg: -MIn
- Kaa: -MAn
- Uz: -man
- (*män~bän)
- 2nd person singular copula / present-tense verbal "agreement":
- Kk: -sIŋ
- Kg: -sIŋ
- Kaa: -sAn(?)
- Uz: -san
- (*sän)
- "What about..?" particle:
- Kk: -şI, -şe (with pronouns)?
- Ky: -çI
- Uy: -çu
Russian vs. Kazakh
Kazakh/Russian versions of the same words (toponyms, mostly):
- Kz: Qarağandı, Ru: Karagandá
- Kz: Almatı, Ru: Almatá/Almatý
- Kz: Jambıl/Jambal??, Ru: Jambýl
