PIE Obstruents: Difference between revisions

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w, Mgl
Line 5: Line 5:
!colspan="5"| Group B
!colspan="5"| Group B
!colspan="6"| Group C
!colspan="6"| Group C
! ?
! ? !! ?
|-
|-
!
!
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!colspan="2"| Celtic
!colspan="2"| Celtic
! Iranian !! Slavic !! Baltic !! Albanian
! Iranian !! Slavic !! Baltic !! Albanian
! Turkic
! Turkic !! Mongolic
|-
|-
! p
! rowspan="3" | p
| ||
| ||
| ''OE'' '''f'''æder || ''Lat.'' '''p'''ater || ''Gk.'' '''p'''atēr || ''Skt.'' '''p'''itṛ || ''Arm.'' '''h'''ayr
| ''OE'' '''f'''æder || ''Lat.'' '''p'''ater || ''Gk.'' '''p'''atēr || ''Skt.'' '''p'''itṛ || ''Arm.'' '''h'''ayr
|  ||  || ''Taj.'' '''p'''adar ||  || ||
|  ||  || ''Taj.'' '''p'''adar ||  || ||
| ''Tk.'' *ata
| ''Tk.'' *ata ||
|-
| ||
| ''OE'' '''f'''eor || ''Lat.'' '''p'''er || ''Gk.'' '''p'''era || ''Skt.'' '''p'''aras || ''Arm.'' '''h'''eṙow
|  || || || || ||
| ''Tk.'' *'''b'''eri ||
|-
|-
! b
! b
| ''TB'' '''m'''āla || ''Luv.'' ša'''m'''lu-
| ''TB'' '''m'''āla || ''Luv.'' ša'''m'''lu-
| ''Gmc.'' *a'''p'''la- || ''Lat.'' '''m'''alum || || ||  
| ''Gmc.'' *a'''p'''la- || ''Lat.'' '''m'''alum || ||
| ''OIr.'' u'''b'''ull || *a'''b'''lu || || *ā'''b'''lu-, *je'''m'''el- || *ā'''b'''ōl || ''Alb'' '''m'''ollë
| ''OIr.'' u'''b'''ull || *a'''b'''lu || || *ā'''b'''lu-, *je'''m'''el- || *ā'''b'''ōl || ''Alb'' '''m'''ollë
| ''Tk.'' *al'''m'''a
| ''Tk.'' *al'''m'''a || ''Mgl.'' *ali'''m'''
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | bʰ
! rowspan="2" | bʰ
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| ''Gth.'' '''b'''ɛr- || ''Lat.'' '''f'''er- || ''Gk.'' '''pʰ'''er- || ''OInd.'' '''bʰ'''ár- || ''Arm.'' '''b'''er-
| ''Gth.'' '''b'''ɛr- || ''Lat.'' '''f'''er- || ''Gk.'' '''pʰ'''er- || ''OInd.'' '''bʰ'''ár- || ''Arm.'' '''b'''er-
| ''OIr.'' '''b'''ir- || || ''Taj.'' '''b'''ar- || ''OCS'' '''b'''er- || || ''Alb'' '''b'''ie  
| ''OIr.'' '''b'''ir- || || ''Taj.'' '''b'''ar- || ''OCS'' '''b'''er- || || ''Alb'' '''b'''ie  
| ''Tk.'' '''b'''er-
| ''Tk.'' '''b'''er- ||
|-
|-
| ||
| ||
| ''Eng.'' '''b'''ake || || || ||
| ''Eng.'' '''b'''ake || || || ||
| || || || || ||
| || || || || ||
| ''Tk.'' '''b'''ış-
| ''Tk.'' '''b'''ış- ||
|-
|-
! t
! t
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| ''OE'' '''t'''imber || ''Lat.'' '''d'''omus || ''Gk.'' '''d'''omos || ''Skt.'' '''d'''ama || ''Arm.'' '''t'''own ||  
| ''OE'' '''t'''imber || ''Lat.'' '''d'''omus || ''Gk.'' '''d'''omos || ''Skt.'' '''d'''ama || ''Arm.'' '''t'''own ||  
| || || ''Rus.'' '''d'''om || ||
| || || ''Rus.'' '''d'''om || ||
| ''Tk.'' '''t'''am
| ''Tk.'' '''t'''am ||
|-
|-
! dʰ
! dʰ
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| ''OE'' '''d'''or || ''Lat.'' '''f'''ores || ''Gk.'' '''tʰ'''ura || ''Skt.'' '''d'''vār || ''Arm.'' '''d'''owṙ
| ''OE'' '''d'''or || ''Lat.'' '''f'''ores || ''Gk.'' '''tʰ'''ura || ''Skt.'' '''d'''vār || ''Arm.'' '''d'''owṙ
| || || ''Taj.'' '''d'''ar || ''Rus.'' '''d'''vʲerʲ || ||
| || || ''Taj.'' '''d'''ar || ''Rus.'' '''d'''vʲerʲ || ||
| ''Tk.'' '''t'''ȫr
| ''Tk.'' '''t'''ȫr ||
|-
|-
! ḱ
! ḱ
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| ''Gth.'' tɛ'''h'''un || ''Lat.'' de'''c'''em || ''Gk.'' dé'''k'''a || ''OInd.'' dá'''ś'''a || ''Arm.'' ta'''s'''n
| ''Gth.'' tɛ'''h'''un || ''Lat.'' de'''c'''em || ''Gk.'' dé'''k'''a || ''OInd.'' dá'''ś'''a || ''Arm.'' ta'''s'''n
| ''OIr.'' dei'''ch''' || || ''Taj.'' da'''h''' || ''OCS'' de'''s'''ętı̆ || ''OPr'' de'''s'''-? || ''Alb'' djëte  
| ''OIr.'' dei'''ch''' || || ''Taj.'' da'''h''' || ''OCS'' de'''s'''ętı̆ || ''OPr'' de'''s'''-? || ''Alb'' djëte  
| ||
|-
|-
! ǵ
! ǵ
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| ''Gth.'' ɔ'''χ'''sus || || || ''OInd.'' u'''k'''şā́ ||
| ''Gth.'' ɔ'''χ'''sus || || || ''OInd.'' u'''k'''şā́ ||
| ''MIr.'' o'''s'''s || *u'''x'''en || || || || ''Alb'' '''k'''a
| ''MIr.'' o'''s'''s || *u'''x'''en || || || || ''Alb'' '''k'''a
| ''Tk.'' *ö'''k'''üz
| ''Tk.'' *ö'''k'''üz || ''Mgl.'' *ü'''k'''er
|-
|-
! rowspan="2"| gʷ
! rowspan="2"| gʷ
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| ''Gth.'' '''kʷ'''ino || || ''Gk.'' '''g'''yné || ''OInd.'' '''g'''nā || ''Arm.'' '''k'''in
| ''Gth.'' '''kʷ'''ino || || ''Gk.'' '''g'''yné || ''OInd.'' '''g'''nā || ''Arm.'' '''k'''in
| ''OIr.'' '''b'''en || || ''Taj.'' '''z'''an || ''OCS'' '''ʒ'''ená- || || ''Alb'' '''z'''onjë
| ''OIr.'' '''b'''en || || ''Taj.'' '''z'''an || ''OCS'' '''ʒ'''ená- || || ''Alb'' '''z'''onjë
|
| ||
|-
|-
| ''TA'' '''k'''o, ''TB'' '''k'''au ||
| ''TA'' '''k'''o, ''TB'' '''k'''au ||
| ''O.S.'' '''k'''ō || ''Lat.'' '''b'''ō-, '''b'''ov- || ''Gk.'' '''b'''ous || ''OInd.'' '''g'''áuh. || ''Arm.'' '''k'''ov
| ''O.S.'' '''k'''ō || ''Lat.'' '''b'''ō-, '''b'''ov- || ''Gk.'' '''b'''ous || ''OInd.'' '''g'''áuh. || ''Arm.'' '''k'''ov
| ''OIr.'' '''b'''ó || ''OWlsh'' '''b'''uch || || *'''g'''ovędo || ''Ltv.'' '''gù'''ovs || *'''kʷ'''o ''Alb.'' '''k'''au
| ''OIr.'' '''b'''ó || ''OWlsh'' '''b'''uch || || *'''g'''ovędo || ''Ltv.'' '''gù'''ovs || *'''kʷ'''o ''Alb.'' '''k'''au
|
| ||
|-
|-
! gʷʰ
! gʷʰ
| ||
| ||
| ''OE'' '''w'''earm || ''Lat.'' '''f'''ormus || ''Gk.'' '''tʰ'''ermos || ''Skt.'' '''gʰ'''arma || ''Arm.'' '''ʤ'''erm
| ''OE'' '''w'''earm || ''Lat.'' '''f'''ormus || ''Gk.'' '''tʰ'''ermos || ''Skt.'' '''gʰ'''arma || ''Arm.'' '''ʤ'''erm
| || || ''Taj.'' '''g'''arm || ''Rus'' '''ʒ'''ar- || ||  
| || || ''Taj.'' '''g'''arm || ''Rus.'' '''ʒ'''ar- || ||  
|
| ||
|-
! w
| ||
| ''OE'' '''w'''it- || ''Lat.'' '''v'''ide- || ''Gk.'' eide- || ''Skt.'' '''v'''id || ''Arm.'' '''g'''it(e?)
| || || ''Taj.'' '''m'''ed- || ''Rus'' '''v'''ʲidʲe- || ||
|  || ''Mgl.'' *'''m'''ed(e?)-
|}
|}

Revision as of 20:45, 25 July 2010

Group A Group B Group C ? ?
Tokharian Hittite Germanic Italic Greek Indic Armenian Celtic Iranian Slavic Baltic Albanian Turkic Mongolic
p OE fæder Lat. pater Gk. patēr Skt. pitṛ Arm. hayr Taj. padar Tk. *ata
OE feor Lat. per Gk. pera Skt. paras Arm. heṙow Tk. *beri
b TB māla Luv. šamlu- Gmc. *apla- Lat. malum OIr. ubull *ablu *āblu-, *jemel- *ābōl Alb mollë Tk. *alma Mgl. *alim
bʰ Gth. bɛr- Lat. fer- Gk. pʰer- OInd. bʰár- Arm. ber- OIr. bir- Taj. bar- OCS ber- Alb bie Tk. ber-
Eng. bake Tk. bış-
t
d OE timber Lat. domus Gk. domos Skt. dama Arm. town Rus. dom Tk. tam
dʰ OE dor Lat. fores Gk. tʰura Skt. dvār Arm. dowṙ Taj. dar Rus. dvʲerʲ Tk. tȫr
ḱ TA śäk, TB śak Gth. tɛhun Lat. decem Gk. déka OInd. dáśa Arm. tasn OIr. deich Taj. dah OCS desętı̆ OPr des-? Alb djëte
ǵ
ǵʰ
k
g
gʰ
kʷ TB okso Gth. ɔχsus OInd. ukşā́ MIr. oss *uxen Alb ka Tk. *öküz Mgl. *üker
gʷ TA śäm, TB śana Gth. kʷino Gk. gyné OInd. gnā Arm. kin OIr. ben Taj. zan OCS ʒená- Alb zonjë
TA ko, TB kau O.S. kō Lat. bō-, bov- Gk. bous OInd. gáuh. Arm. kov OIr. bó OWlsh buch *govędo Ltv. gùovs *kʷo Alb. kau
gʷʰ OE wearm Lat. formus Gk. tʰermos Skt. gʰarma Arm. ʤerm Taj. garm Rus. ʒar-
w OE wit- Lat. vide- Gk. eide- Skt. vid Arm. git(e?) Taj. med- Rus vʲidʲe- Mgl. *med(e?)-
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