PIE Obstruents
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| Group A | Group B | Group C | ? | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tokharian | Hittite | Germanic | Italic | Greek | Indic | Armenian | Celtic | Iranian | Slavic | Baltic | Albanian | Turkic | ||
| p | ||||||||||||||
| b | ||||||||||||||
| bʰ | Gth. bɛr- | Lat. fer- | Gk. pʰer- | OInd. bʰár- | Arm. ber- | OIr. bir- | Taj. bar- | OCS ber- | Alb bie | Tkc. ber- | ||||
| t | ||||||||||||||
| d | ||||||||||||||
| dʰ | ||||||||||||||
| ḱ | TA śäk, TB śak | Gth. tɛhun | Lat. decem | Gk. déka | OInd. dáśa | Arm. tasn | OIr. deich | Taj. dah | OCS desętı̆ | OPr des-? | Alb djëte | |||
| ǵ | ||||||||||||||
| ǵʰ | ||||||||||||||
| k | ||||||||||||||
| g | ||||||||||||||
| gʰ | ||||||||||||||
| kʷ | TB okso | Gth. ɔχsus | OInd. ukşā́ | MIr. oss | *uxen | Alb ka | ||||||||
| gʷ | TA śäm, TB śana | Gth. kʷino | Gk. gyné | OInd. gnā | Arm. kin | OIr. ben | Taj. zan | OCS ʒená- | Alb zonjë | Tk. *ögüz | ||||
| TA ko, TB kau | O.S. kō | Lat. bō-, bov- | Gk. bous | OInd. gáuh. | Arm. kov | OIr. bó | OWlsh buch | *govędo | Ltv. gùovs | *kʷo Alb. kau | ||||
| gʷʰ | ||||||||||||||
