PIE vs Turkic Swadesh list
From FirespeakerWiki
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| № | English | Proto-Indo-European |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I (1sg) | *éǵh₂ |
| 2 | you (2sg) | *túh, *te |
| 3 | he, she, it (3sg) | *ís, *íh₂, *íd |
| 4 | we (1pl) | *wéy, *wé |
| 5 | you (2pl) | *yū, *yú |
| 6 | they (3pl) | *éyes |
| 7 | this | *só ḱe, *séh₂ ḱe, *tód ḱe |
| 8 | that | *só h₂en, *séh₂ h₂en, *tód h₂en |
| 9 | here | *ḱi, *ḱe |
| 10 | there | *h₂en |
| 11 | who | *kʷís (pron.), *kʷós (adj.) |
| 12 | what | *kʷíd (pron.), *kʷód (adj.) |
| 13 | where | *kú, *kúdʰe |
| 14 | when | *kʷodéh₂ |
| 15 | how | *kʷónoh₁, *kʷéy, *kʷih₁ |
| 16 | not | *n̥-, *né |
| 17 | all | *h₂el- |
| 18 | many | *monogʰos |
| 19 | some | *kaylo-, *solwo- |
| 20 | few | *peh₂w- |
| 21 | other | *h₂élyos, *h₂el-nó- |
| 22 | one | *(H)óynos, *(H)óykos, *(H)óywos, *sḗm |
| 23 | two | *dwóh₁, *dwó |
| 24 | three | *tréyes |
| 25 | four | *kʷetwóres |
| 26 | five | *pénkʷe |
| 27 | big | *méǵh₂s |
| 28 | long | *dl̥h₁gʰós |
| 29 | wide | *stelh₃ós |
| 30 | thick | *bʰenǵʰ-, *tégus |
| 31 | heavy | *gʷréh₂us |
| 32 | small | *mey- |
| 33 | short | *mréǵʰus, *(s)ker- |
| 34 | narrow | *h₂enǵʰ- |
| 35 | thin | *ténh₂us |
| 36 | woman | *gʷḗn, *h₁esor- |
| 37 | man (adult male) | *h₂nḗr, *wiHrós |
| 38 | man (human being) | *mon-, *ǵʰmṓ |
| 39 | child | *ǵénh₁mn̥ |
| 40 | wife | *pótnih₂ |
| 41 | husband | *wiHrós, *pótis |
| 42 | mother | *méh₂tēr |
| 43 | father | *átta, *ph₂tḗr |
| 44 | animal | *dʰewsóm, *ǵʰwer- |
| 45 | fish | *dʰǵʰu-, *peysk- |
| 46 | bird | *h₂éwis |
| 47 | dog | *ḱwṓ |
| 48 | louse | *ḱ(o)nid-, *lewH- |
| 49 | snake | *h₂éngʷʰis, *(s)néHtr̥ |
| 50 | worm | *wr̥mis, *kʷŕ̥mis |
| 51 | tree | *dóru (genitive *dréws) |
| 52 | forest | |
| 53 | stick | *ǵʰasto- |
| 54 | fruit | |
| 55 | seed | *séh₁mn̥ |
| 56 | leaf | *lewbʰ-, *bʰolh₃yom |
| 57 | root | *wréh₂ds |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | *bʰerHǵós |
| 59 | flower | *bʰleh₃- |
| 60 | grass | *koyno- |
| 61 | rope | *h₁roypnós |
| 62 | skin | *pel-, *twékos |
| 63 | meat | *mḗms, *krewh₂- |
| 64 | blood | *krewh₂-, *h₁ésh₂r̥ |
| 65 | bone | *h₂óst, *kost- |
| 66 | fat (noun) | *smérus |
| 67 | egg | *h₂ōwyóm |
| 68 | horn | *ḱr̥nom, *ḱerh₂(s), *ḱerh₂sr̥, *koru |
| 69 | tail | *dewmbʰ-, *ul |
| 70 | feather | *péth₂r̥ |
| 71 | hair | *pulh₂- |
| 72 | head | *káput-, *gʰébʰōl |
| 73 | ear | *h₂ṓws |
| 74 | eye | *h₃ókʷs |
| 75 | nose | *Hnéh₂s |
| 76 | mouth | *h₃éh₁os |
| 77 | tooth | *h₃dónts, *ǵómbʰos |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s |
| 79 | fingernail | *h₃negʰ- |
| 80 | foot | *pṓds |
| 81 | leg | *kónh₂m |
| 82 | knee | *ǵónu |
| 83 | hand | *ǵʰésr̥, *mar- |
| 84 | wing | *péth₂r̥ |
| 85 | belly | *úderos |
| 86 | guts | *eh₁ter- |
| 87 | neck | *mon- |
| 88 | back | |
| 89 | breast | *peg-, *pstḗn |
| 90 | heart | *ḱḗr (genitive *ḱr̥dés) |
| 91 | liver | *Hyékʷr̥ |
| 92 | to drink | *píph₃eti, *h₁egʷʰ- |
| 93 | to eat | *h₁ed- |
| 94 | to bite | *denḱ-, *h₁ed- |
| 95 | to suck | *dʰeh₁(y)- |
| 96 | to spit | *(s)ptyēw- |
| 97 | to vomit | *wemh₁-, *h₁rewg- |
| 98 | to blow | *h₂weh₁- |
| 99 | to breathe | *pnew- |
| 100 | to laugh | *(s)mey- |
| 101 | to see | *derḱ-, *weyd- |
| 102 | to hear | *ḱlew- |
| 103 | to know | *ǵneh₃-, *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti, *weyd- |
| 104 | to think | *memóne, *teng- |
| 105 | to smell | *h₃ed- |
| 106 | to fear | *h₂egʰ- |
| 107 | to sleep | *swep-, *drem- |
| 108 | to live | *gʷeyh₃- |
| 109 | to die | *mer-, *dʰew- |
| 110 | to kill | *gʷʰen- |
| 111 | to fight | *keh₃- |
| 112 | to hunt | *weyh₁-, *sekʷh₃- |
| 113 | to hit | *pleh₂k- |
| 114 | to cut | *kr̥t- |
| 115 | to split | *skéydt, *skinédti |
| 116 | to stab | *dʰeygʷ-, *bʰedʰh₂- |
| 117 | to scratch | *gerbʰ- |
| 118 | to dig | *dʰeygʷ- |
| 119 | to swim | *(s)neh₂- |
| 120 | to fly | *peth₂-, *gʷel- |
| 121 | to walk | *gʰredʰ- |
| 122 | to come | *gʷémt, *gʷm̥sḱéti, *gʷeh₂- |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | *légʰyeti, *ḱéytor |
| 124 | to sit | *sédt, *sísdeti |
| 125 | to stand | *stéh₂t, *stestóh₂e, *stísteh₂ti |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | *wert- |
| 127 | to fall | *ḱh₂d- |
| 128 | to give | *déh₃t, *dédeh₃ti |
| 129 | to hold | *segʰ- |
| 130 | to squeeze | *pisd-, *werǵʰ- |
| 131 | to rub | *melh₂- |
| 132 | to wash | *lewh₃-, *neygʷ- |
| 133 | to wipe | *h₃merǵ- |
| 134 | to pull | *tragʰ- |
| 135 | to push | *(s)tew- |
| 136 | to throw | *swep- |
| 137 | to tie | |
| 138 | to sew | *syuh₁- |
| 139 | to count | *dol-, *del- |
| 140 | to say | *sekʷ-, *wéwket |
| 141 | to sing | *kan- |
| 142 | to play | |
| 143 | to float | *plew- |
| 144 | to flow | *plew- |
| 145 | to freeze | *gel- |
| 146 | to swell | *tewh₂- |
| 147 | sun | *sóh₂wl̥ |
| 148 | moon | *mḗh₁n̥s, *lówksneh₂ |
| 149 | star | *h₂stḗr |
| 150 | water | *h₂ekʷeh₂, *h₂ep-, *wódr̥ |
| 151 | rain | *h₂ekmon |
| 152 | river | *h₂ékʷeh₂ |
| 153 | lake | *h₂ep- |
| 154 | sea | *móri |
| 155 | salt | *séh₂ls |
| 156 | stone | *h₂éḱmō |
| 157 | sand | *sámh₂dʰos |
| 158 | dust | *pers- |
| 159 | earth | *dʰéǵʰōm |
| 160 | cloud | *nébʰos |
| 161 | fog | *snewdʰ- |
| 162 | sky | *dyḗws |
| 163 | wind | *ḱewero-, *h₂wéh₁n̥ts |
| 164 | snow | *snóygʷʰos |
| 165 | ice | *yeǵ- |
| 166 | smoke | *dʰuh₂mós |
| 167 | fire | *h₂eh₁ter-, *h₁n̥gʷnis, *péh₂wr̥ |
| 168 | ash | *h₂eHs- |
| 169 | to burn | *dʰegʷʰ-, *swel-, *h₁ews- |
| 170 | road | *pónth₁s |
| 171 | mountain | *men-, *bʰerǵʰ- |
| 172 | red | *h₁rewdʰós |
| 173 | green | *ǵʰelh₃-, *gʰreh₁- |
| 174 | yellow | *ǵʰelh₃- |
| 175 | white | *h₂elbʰós |
| 176 | black | *swordós, *h₂ems-, *kr̥snós |
| 177 | night | *nókʷts |
| 178 | day | *h₂eǵh-, *dei-n- |
| 179 | year | *yeh₁-, *wétos |
| 180 | warm | *tep-, *gʷʰer- |
| 181 | cold | *gel- |
| 182 | full | *pl̥h₁nós |
| 183 | new | *néwos |
| 184 | old | *sénos, *ǵérh₂onts |
| 185 | good | *bʰed-, *h₁su-, *h₁wésus |
| 186 | bad | *h₂wap-, *dus- |
| 187 | rotten | *puH- |
| 188 | dirty | *swerd- |
| 189 | straight | *h₃reǵtós |
| 190 | round | |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | *h₁edʰ-, *h₂eḱrós |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | *dʰwel- |
| 193 | smooth | *gʰleh₂dʰ- |
| 194 | wet | *wed- |
| 195 | dry | *ters- |
| 196 | correct | *weh₁- |
| 197 | near | *h₁opi, *h₁epi, *h₂énti |
| 198 | far | *wí |
| 199 | right | *deḱs- |
| 200 | left | *leh₂iwós |
| 201 | at | *h₁epi, *opi, *h₂éd, *h₃ebʰi, *h₃bʰi |
| 202 | in | *h₁en, *h₁(e)ntér |
| 203 | with | *ḱóm, *pe, *me |
| 204 | and | *-kʷe, *de, *nu, *h₁é |
| 205 | if | |
| 206 | because | |
| 207 | name | *h₁nómn̥ |