Difference between revisions of "Turkic words with mysterious etymologies"

From FireSpeakerWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
(Undo revision 8855 by Firespeaker (talk))
(Kyrgyz words)
 
(43 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
 
* awdar- - flip over, translate
 
* awdar- - flip over, translate
 
* deŋgey - level
 
* deŋgey - level
 +
* qarmaq - fishing pole (cf. Kyrgyz qarma- below)
 +
* şeşe - mother
 +
* täwlik - day (24-hour period, not day time)
 +
* sät - fortune (also 'moment', obvs ← Arabic)
 +
* usta- - hold
 +
* säbiy - baby
 +
** cf. Ottomon sabi
 +
** cf. Ossetian sabi
 +
** cf. Kurmanji sava
 +
** cf. Bashqort sabıy
  
 
== Kyrgyz words ==
 
== Kyrgyz words ==
Line 16: Line 26:
 
* sırğa - earring(s)
 
* sırğa - earring(s)
 
* söykö - earring(s)
 
* söykö - earring(s)
 +
** cf. Manchu ''suihe'' - ear of grain; tassle, crest; end of whip
 +
** cf. Manchu ''suihun'' - a large earring used by men
 +
** cf. Khamnigan Mongol ''sīke~sēke/sıke'' - earrings
 
* momposuy - candy
 
* momposuy - candy
 
* juurqan - blanket
 
* juurqan - blanket
 +
** cf. Manchu jurhu - coloured coarse linen cloth
 
* döŋ - hill
 
* döŋ - hill
 
* çaŋ - dust
 
* çaŋ - dust
 
* çaarçıq - fawn
 
* çaarçıq - fawn
 
* çöntök - pocket
 
* çöntök - pocket
 +
** cf. Evenki ''čēmpu'', ''čemtu'', ''čempuli'', ''čompuli'' - sack
 +
** cf. Manchu ''čontoho'' - a hole or gap in wall or dike
 +
*** (''čontohojombi'' - form a hole or gap)
 
* şakek - ring (jewelry)
 
* şakek - ring (jewelry)
 
* qoqo - Adam's apple
 
* qoqo - Adam's apple
 
* şeyşep - sheet
 
* şeyşep - sheet
 
* ibelik - rolling pin
 
* ibelik - rolling pin
 +
** ?<*ibe ?cf. Proto-Germanic *''hlaibaz'' "bread"
 
* deŋgeel - level (n.)
 
* deŋgeel - level (n.)
 
* çöpürök - fabric
 
* çöpürök - fabric
 +
** cf. Old Uyghur ''çopra'' - rags
 +
** cf. Monoglic ''čoɣuda-sun'' - rags
 
* toqoy - forest
 
* toqoy - forest
 
* ayna - powder
 
* ayna - powder
 
* qılım - century
 
* qılım - century
 +
** ?cf. qıl - do
 +
* bağelek - cuff
 +
** cf. Turkic ''bağ-'' - tie (Kyrgyz ''boo'', ''bayla-'')
 +
* çeke - forehead (cf. çoqu - top of head)
 +
** cf. Middle Mongolian ''heki''/''hikin'' - head/front
 +
** cf. Middle Mongolian ''čoqu''
 +
*** cf. Shary Yoghur ''šəgən'' - head
 +
*** cf. Khamnigan ''tsoxo'' - forehead
 +
** cf. Manchu ''šeŋgin'' - forehead
 +
* qaqı(m)gül - dandelion
 +
* bata - blessing
 +
* mamı - [hitching] post
 +
* jubay - member of a pair, spouse
 +
** cf. jup - even number, pair (from Persian?)
 +
** cf. Manchu ''juwe'' - two
 +
* qaqım - dandelion
 +
** cf. Uzbek ''qoqi''
 +
* çordon - center (of city or spring)
 +
** cf. Latin ''centrum'' ← Greek ''kéntron'' (*ʦentro → *çontr → *çondər → *çordən)
 
{{col-break}}
 
{{col-break}}
  
Line 36: Line 75:
 
* çoŋ - big
 
* çoŋ - big
 
* çooçun - unfamiliar (person)
 
* çooçun - unfamiliar (person)
* mıjıqıj (adj) - killjoy
+
* mıjıqıy (adj) - killjoy
 
* çaq - perfect-fitting
 
* çaq - perfect-fitting
 +
** cf. Manchu ''ciki'' - fit exactly
 
* qooz - pretty (for inanimate things)
 
* qooz - pretty (for inanimate things)
 +
** cf. Mongolic ''ğo'a''/''ğoya'' - pretty
 +
** cf. Manchu ''χojo'' - pretty
 
* qoqus(tan) - suddenly
 
* qoqus(tan) - suddenly
 
* melüün - warm (air)
 
* melüün - warm (air)
 +
** cf. Mongolic ''bülegen'' - warm (liquid)
 +
* tataal - complicated, complex
 +
* jupun/jupunu - simple, light/thin (about clothes)
 +
** cf. Old Turkic ''yupqa/yuvqa/yuvğa/yuqa'' (kg. juqa) - thin
 +
** cf. Mongolic ''jöb-xön'' - simple (← jöb - correct)
  
 
=== Verbs ===
 
=== Verbs ===
 
* mıjı(q)- - squeeze
 
* mıjı(q)- - squeeze
 +
** cf. Khamnigan Mongol - bajūxu (bajū-)
 
* oodar- - flip over
 
* oodar- - flip over
 
* taarın- - be/get offended
 
* taarın- - be/get offended
 +
** cf. Manchu ''tarud-'' - chatter, talk nonsense, talk back
 
* çurqa- - run
 
* çurqa- - run
* qarma- - grab, hold
+
** cf. Manchu ''çurxu-'' - for a road to go a distance
 +
* qorot- - waste
 +
** cf. Manchu ''qoro'' - loss, damage
 +
* çoy- - stretch
 +
* çayqa- - rinse (baş çayqa- - shake head)
 +
** cf. (kaz) şayqa- - shake
  
 
{{col-end}}
 
{{col-end}}
Line 53: Line 107:
 
== Proposed etymologies ==
 
== Proposed etymologies ==
 
Words on the above lists for which potential etymologies are discovered should be moved here.
 
Words on the above lists for which potential etymologies are discovered should be moved here.
* Ky. ''köynök'', Kk. ''köylek'', etc. "shirt" appears to be from Turkic ''köŋil'' "shirt" +AK  
+
* Kir. ''köynök'', Kaz. ''köylek'', etc. "shirt" appears to be from Turkic ''köŋil'' "shirt" +AK  
* Ky. ''kelesoo'' "crazy/stupid", related to Persian ''kal(l)a'' "head" + Turkic ''soo'' "healthy/sober" ?
+
* Kir. ''kelesoo'' "crazy/stupid", related to Persian ''kal(l)a'' "head" + Turkic ''soo'' "healthy/sober" ?
 +
* Kir. ''qarma'''- "grab, hold", related to Old/Middle Turkic ''qarva''-/''qarba''- "grope", cf. Turkish ''kavra''-, Yeniseian *''qarba''- - "grab"
 +
** <s>cf. Mongolic ''ğar'' - hand</s>
 +
** <s>cf. WMo ''qarma-'' - rake up, gather together</s>
 +
** <s>cf. Manchu ''qarma-'' - protect, safeguard</s>
 +
* Kir. ''mömö'' "fruit flesh", cf. Uzbek ''meva'', from Persian
 +
 
  
 
[[Category:Kyrgyz]]
 
[[Category:Kyrgyz]]

Latest revision as of 10:10, 22 July 2024

This page is here to collect words which do not seem to go back to Old Turkic and do not obviously come from a major contact language.

Kazakh words

  • ayna - mirror
  • awdar- - flip over, translate
  • deŋgey - level
  • qarmaq - fishing pole (cf. Kyrgyz qarma- below)
  • şeşe - mother
  • täwlik - day (24-hour period, not day time)
  • sät - fortune (also 'moment', obvs ← Arabic)
  • usta- - hold
  • säbiy - baby
    • cf. Ottomon sabi
    • cf. Ossetian sabi
    • cf. Kurmanji sava
    • cf. Bashqort sabıy

Kyrgyz words

See also Kyrgyz words of Persian origin without Tajik cognates.

Nouns

  • borbor - center
  • topoz - yak
  • sırğa - earring(s)
  • söykö - earring(s)
    • cf. Manchu suihe - ear of grain; tassle, crest; end of whip
    • cf. Manchu suihun - a large earring used by men
    • cf. Khamnigan Mongol sīke~sēke/sıke - earrings
  • momposuy - candy
  • juurqan - blanket
    • cf. Manchu jurhu - coloured coarse linen cloth
  • döŋ - hill
  • çaŋ - dust
  • çaarçıq - fawn
  • çöntök - pocket
    • cf. Evenki čēmpu, čemtu, čempuli, čompuli - sack
    • cf. Manchu čontoho - a hole or gap in wall or dike
      • (čontohojombi - form a hole or gap)
  • şakek - ring (jewelry)
  • qoqo - Adam's apple
  • şeyşep - sheet
  • ibelik - rolling pin
    •  ?<*ibe ?cf. Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz "bread"
  • deŋgeel - level (n.)
  • çöpürök - fabric
    • cf. Old Uyghur çopra - rags
    • cf. Monoglic čoɣuda-sun - rags
  • toqoy - forest
  • ayna - powder
  • qılım - century
    • ?cf. qıl - do
  • bağelek - cuff
    • cf. Turkic bağ- - tie (Kyrgyz boo, bayla-)
  • çeke - forehead (cf. çoqu - top of head)
    • cf. Middle Mongolian heki/hikin - head/front
    • cf. Middle Mongolian čoqu
      • cf. Shary Yoghur šəgən - head
      • cf. Khamnigan tsoxo - forehead
    • cf. Manchu šeŋgin - forehead
  • qaqı(m)gül - dandelion
  • bata - blessing
  • mamı - [hitching] post
  • jubay - member of a pair, spouse
    • cf. jup - even number, pair (from Persian?)
    • cf. Manchu juwe - two
  • qaqım - dandelion
    • cf. Uzbek qoqi
  • çordon - center (of city or spring)
    • cf. Latin centrum ← Greek kéntron (*ʦentro → *çontr → *çondər → *çordən)

Adjectives and Adverbs

  • çoŋ - big
  • çooçun - unfamiliar (person)
  • mıjıqıy (adj) - killjoy
  • çaq - perfect-fitting
    • cf. Manchu ciki - fit exactly
  • qooz - pretty (for inanimate things)
    • cf. Mongolic ğo'a/ğoya - pretty
    • cf. Manchu χojo - pretty
  • qoqus(tan) - suddenly
  • melüün - warm (air)
    • cf. Mongolic bülegen - warm (liquid)
  • tataal - complicated, complex
  • jupun/jupunu - simple, light/thin (about clothes)
    • cf. Old Turkic yupqa/yuvqa/yuvğa/yuqa (kg. juqa) - thin
    • cf. Mongolic jöb-xön - simple (← jöb - correct)

Verbs

  • mıjı(q)- - squeeze
    • cf. Khamnigan Mongol - bajūxu (bajū-)
  • oodar- - flip over
  • taarın- - be/get offended
    • cf. Manchu tarud- - chatter, talk nonsense, talk back
  • çurqa- - run
    • cf. Manchu çurxu- - for a road to go a distance
  • qorot- - waste
    • cf. Manchu qoro - loss, damage
  • çoy- - stretch
  • çayqa- - rinse (baş çayqa- - shake head)
    • cf. (kaz) şayqa- - shake

Proposed etymologies

Words on the above lists for which potential etymologies are discovered should be moved here.

  • Kir. köynök, Kaz. köylek, etc. "shirt" appears to be from Turkic köŋil "shirt" +AK
  • Kir. kelesoo "crazy/stupid", related to Persian kal(l)a "head" + Turkic soo "healthy/sober" ?
  • Kir. qarma'- "grab, hold", related to Old/Middle Turkic qarva-/qarba- "grope", cf. Turkish kavra-, Yeniseian *qarba- - "grab"
    • cf. Mongolic ğar - hand
    • cf. WMo qarma- - rake up, gather together
    • cf. Manchu qarma- - protect, safeguard
  • Kir. mömö "fruit flesh", cf. Uzbek meva, from Persian