Difference between revisions of "Turkic words with mysterious etymologies"

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(Adjectives and Adverbs)
(Kyrgyz words)
 
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* qarmaq - fishing pole (cf. Kyrgyz qarma- below)
 
* qarmaq - fishing pole (cf. Kyrgyz qarma- below)
 
* şeşe - mother
 
* şeşe - mother
 +
* täwlik - day (24-hour period, not day time)
 +
* sät - fortune (also 'moment', obvs ← Arabic)
 +
* usta- - hold
 +
* säbiy - baby
 +
** cf. Ottomon sabi
 +
** cf. Ossetian sabi
 +
** cf. Kurmanji sava
 +
** cf. Bashqort sabıy
  
 
== Kyrgyz words ==
 
== Kyrgyz words ==
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* sırğa - earring(s)
 
* sırğa - earring(s)
 
* söykö - earring(s)
 
* söykö - earring(s)
 +
** cf. Manchu ''suihe'' - ear of grain; tassle, crest; end of whip
 +
** cf. Manchu ''suihun'' - a large earring used by men
 +
** cf. Khamnigan Mongol ''sīke~sēke/sıke'' - earrings
 
* momposuy - candy
 
* momposuy - candy
 
* juurqan - blanket
 
* juurqan - blanket
 +
** cf. Manchu jurhu - coloured coarse linen cloth
 
* döŋ - hill
 
* döŋ - hill
 
* çaŋ - dust
 
* çaŋ - dust
 
* çaarçıq - fawn
 
* çaarçıq - fawn
 
* çöntök - pocket
 
* çöntök - pocket
 +
** cf. Evenki ''čēmpu'', ''čemtu'', ''čempuli'', ''čompuli'' - sack
 +
** cf. Manchu ''čontoho'' - a hole or gap in wall or dike
 +
*** (''čontohojombi'' - form a hole or gap)
 
* şakek - ring (jewelry)
 
* şakek - ring (jewelry)
 
* qoqo - Adam's apple
 
* qoqo - Adam's apple
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* deŋgeel - level (n.)
 
* deŋgeel - level (n.)
 
* çöpürök - fabric
 
* çöpürök - fabric
 +
** cf. Old Uyghur ''çopra'' - rags
 +
** cf. Monoglic ''čoɣuda-sun'' - rags
 
* toqoy - forest
 
* toqoy - forest
 
* ayna - powder
 
* ayna - powder
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* bağelek - cuff
 
* bağelek - cuff
 
** cf. Turkic ''bağ-'' - tie (Kyrgyz ''boo'', ''bayla-'')
 
** cf. Turkic ''bağ-'' - tie (Kyrgyz ''boo'', ''bayla-'')
* çeke - forehead
+
* çeke - forehead (cf. çoqu - top of head)
* qaqıgül - dandelion
+
** cf. Middle Mongolian ''heki''/''hikin'' - head/front
 +
** cf. Middle Mongolian ''čoqu''
 +
*** cf. Shary Yoghur ''šəgən'' - head
 +
*** cf. Khamnigan ''tsoxo'' - forehead
 +
** cf. Manchu ''šeŋgin'' - forehead
 +
* qaqı(m)gül - dandelion
 
* bata - blessing
 
* bata - blessing
 +
* mamı - [hitching] post
 +
* jubay - member of a pair, spouse
 +
** cf. jup - even number, pair (from Persian?)
 +
** cf. Manchu ''juwe'' - two
 +
* qaqım - dandelion
 +
** cf. Uzbek ''qoqi''
 +
* çordon - center (of city or spring)
 +
** cf. Latin ''centrum'' ← Greek ''kéntron'' (*ʦentro → *çontr → *çondər → *çordən)
 
{{col-break}}
 
{{col-break}}
  
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* mıjıqıy (adj) - killjoy
 
* mıjıqıy (adj) - killjoy
 
* çaq - perfect-fitting
 
* çaq - perfect-fitting
 +
** cf. Manchu ''ciki'' - fit exactly
 
* qooz - pretty (for inanimate things)
 
* qooz - pretty (for inanimate things)
 
** cf. Mongolic ''ğo'a''/''ğoya'' - pretty
 
** cf. Mongolic ''ğo'a''/''ğoya'' - pretty
 +
** cf. Manchu ''χojo'' - pretty
 
* qoqus(tan) - suddenly
 
* qoqus(tan) - suddenly
 
* melüün - warm (air)
 
* melüün - warm (air)
 
** cf. Mongolic ''bülegen'' - warm (liquid)
 
** cf. Mongolic ''bülegen'' - warm (liquid)
 
* tataal - complicated, complex
 
* tataal - complicated, complex
 +
* jupun/jupunu - simple, light/thin (about clothes)
 +
** cf. Old Turkic ''yupqa/yuvqa/yuvğa/yuqa'' (kg. juqa) - thin
 +
** cf. Mongolic ''jöb-xön'' - simple (← jöb - correct)
  
 
=== Verbs ===
 
=== Verbs ===
 
* mıjı(q)- - squeeze
 
* mıjı(q)- - squeeze
 +
** cf. Khamnigan Mongol - bajūxu (bajū-)
 
* oodar- - flip over
 
* oodar- - flip over
 
* taarın- - be/get offended
 
* taarın- - be/get offended
 +
** cf. Manchu ''tarud-'' - chatter, talk nonsense, talk back
 
* çurqa- - run
 
* çurqa- - run
* qarma- - grab, hold
+
** cf. Manchu ''çurxu-'' - for a road to go a distance
** cf. Mongolic ''ğar'' - hand
+
* qorot- - waste
** cf. WMo ''qarma-'' - rake up, gather together
+
** cf. Manchu ''qoro'' - loss, damage
 +
* çoy- - stretch
 +
* çayqa- - rinse (baş çayqa- - shake head)
 +
** cf. (kaz) şayqa- - shake
  
 
{{col-end}}
 
{{col-end}}
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== Proposed etymologies ==
 
== Proposed etymologies ==
 
Words on the above lists for which potential etymologies are discovered should be moved here.
 
Words on the above lists for which potential etymologies are discovered should be moved here.
* Ky. ''köynök'', Kk. ''köylek'', etc. "shirt" appears to be from Turkic ''köŋil'' "shirt" +AK  
+
* Kir. ''köynök'', Kaz. ''köylek'', etc. "shirt" appears to be from Turkic ''köŋil'' "shirt" +AK  
* Ky. ''kelesoo'' "crazy/stupid", related to Persian ''kal(l)a'' "head" + Turkic ''soo'' "healthy/sober" ?
+
* Kir. ''kelesoo'' "crazy/stupid", related to Persian ''kal(l)a'' "head" + Turkic ''soo'' "healthy/sober" ?
 +
* Kir. ''qarma'''- "grab, hold", related to Old/Middle Turkic ''qarva''-/''qarba''- "grope", cf. Turkish ''kavra''-, Yeniseian *''qarba''- - "grab"
 +
** <s>cf. Mongolic ''ğar'' - hand</s>
 +
** <s>cf. WMo ''qarma-'' - rake up, gather together</s>
 +
** <s>cf. Manchu ''qarma-'' - protect, safeguard</s>
 +
* Kir. ''mömö'' "fruit flesh", cf. Uzbek ''meva'', from Persian
 +
 
  
 
[[Category:Kyrgyz]]
 
[[Category:Kyrgyz]]

Latest revision as of 10:10, 22 July 2024

This page is here to collect words which do not seem to go back to Old Turkic and do not obviously come from a major contact language.

Kazakh words

  • ayna - mirror
  • awdar- - flip over, translate
  • deŋgey - level
  • qarmaq - fishing pole (cf. Kyrgyz qarma- below)
  • şeşe - mother
  • täwlik - day (24-hour period, not day time)
  • sät - fortune (also 'moment', obvs ← Arabic)
  • usta- - hold
  • säbiy - baby
    • cf. Ottomon sabi
    • cf. Ossetian sabi
    • cf. Kurmanji sava
    • cf. Bashqort sabıy

Kyrgyz words

See also Kyrgyz words of Persian origin without Tajik cognates.

Nouns

  • borbor - center
  • topoz - yak
  • sırğa - earring(s)
  • söykö - earring(s)
    • cf. Manchu suihe - ear of grain; tassle, crest; end of whip
    • cf. Manchu suihun - a large earring used by men
    • cf. Khamnigan Mongol sīke~sēke/sıke - earrings
  • momposuy - candy
  • juurqan - blanket
    • cf. Manchu jurhu - coloured coarse linen cloth
  • döŋ - hill
  • çaŋ - dust
  • çaarçıq - fawn
  • çöntök - pocket
    • cf. Evenki čēmpu, čemtu, čempuli, čompuli - sack
    • cf. Manchu čontoho - a hole or gap in wall or dike
      • (čontohojombi - form a hole or gap)
  • şakek - ring (jewelry)
  • qoqo - Adam's apple
  • şeyşep - sheet
  • ibelik - rolling pin
    •  ?<*ibe ?cf. Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz "bread"
  • deŋgeel - level (n.)
  • çöpürök - fabric
    • cf. Old Uyghur çopra - rags
    • cf. Monoglic čoɣuda-sun - rags
  • toqoy - forest
  • ayna - powder
  • qılım - century
    • ?cf. qıl - do
  • bağelek - cuff
    • cf. Turkic bağ- - tie (Kyrgyz boo, bayla-)
  • çeke - forehead (cf. çoqu - top of head)
    • cf. Middle Mongolian heki/hikin - head/front
    • cf. Middle Mongolian čoqu
      • cf. Shary Yoghur šəgən - head
      • cf. Khamnigan tsoxo - forehead
    • cf. Manchu šeŋgin - forehead
  • qaqı(m)gül - dandelion
  • bata - blessing
  • mamı - [hitching] post
  • jubay - member of a pair, spouse
    • cf. jup - even number, pair (from Persian?)
    • cf. Manchu juwe - two
  • qaqım - dandelion
    • cf. Uzbek qoqi
  • çordon - center (of city or spring)
    • cf. Latin centrum ← Greek kéntron (*ʦentro → *çontr → *çondər → *çordən)

Adjectives and Adverbs

  • çoŋ - big
  • çooçun - unfamiliar (person)
  • mıjıqıy (adj) - killjoy
  • çaq - perfect-fitting
    • cf. Manchu ciki - fit exactly
  • qooz - pretty (for inanimate things)
    • cf. Mongolic ğo'a/ğoya - pretty
    • cf. Manchu χojo - pretty
  • qoqus(tan) - suddenly
  • melüün - warm (air)
    • cf. Mongolic bülegen - warm (liquid)
  • tataal - complicated, complex
  • jupun/jupunu - simple, light/thin (about clothes)
    • cf. Old Turkic yupqa/yuvqa/yuvğa/yuqa (kg. juqa) - thin
    • cf. Mongolic jöb-xön - simple (← jöb - correct)

Verbs

  • mıjı(q)- - squeeze
    • cf. Khamnigan Mongol - bajūxu (bajū-)
  • oodar- - flip over
  • taarın- - be/get offended
    • cf. Manchu tarud- - chatter, talk nonsense, talk back
  • çurqa- - run
    • cf. Manchu çurxu- - for a road to go a distance
  • qorot- - waste
    • cf. Manchu qoro - loss, damage
  • çoy- - stretch
  • çayqa- - rinse (baş çayqa- - shake head)
    • cf. (kaz) şayqa- - shake

Proposed etymologies

Words on the above lists for which potential etymologies are discovered should be moved here.

  • Kir. köynök, Kaz. köylek, etc. "shirt" appears to be from Turkic köŋil "shirt" +AK
  • Kir. kelesoo "crazy/stupid", related to Persian kal(l)a "head" + Turkic soo "healthy/sober" ?
  • Kir. qarma'- "grab, hold", related to Old/Middle Turkic qarva-/qarba- "grope", cf. Turkish kavra-, Yeniseian *qarba- - "grab"
    • cf. Mongolic ğar - hand
    • cf. WMo qarma- - rake up, gather together
    • cf. Manchu qarma- - protect, safeguard
  • Kir. mömö "fruit flesh", cf. Uzbek meva, from Persian