Difference between revisions of "Faux Genders"
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|+Faux Genders | |+Faux Genders | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | ! English !! Latin !! Romanian !! Portuguese !! Galician !! Spanish !! Catalan !! Occitan !! French !! | + | ! English !! Latin !! Romanian !! Portuguese !! Galician !! Spanish !! Catalan !! Occitan !! French !! Cotentinais !! Jèrriais !! Italian !! Romansh !! Sardinian |
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | First declension | | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | First declension | ||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | l'orlo (''masc'') | | class="masc" | l'orlo (''masc'') | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="masc" | oru | | class="masc" | oru | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | Second declension | | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | Second declension | ||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | le nez | | class="masc" | le nez | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="masc" | l'nez | | class="masc" | l'nez | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | il naso | | class="masc" | il naso | ||
| + | | class="masc" | il nas | ||
| class="masc" | nasu | | class="masc" | nasu | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | journey, voyage | |style="font-weight: bold;" | journey, voyage | ||
| Line 68: | Line 68: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" | le verre | | class="masc" | le verre | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" | l'vèrre | | class="masc" | l'vèrre | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il vetro | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il vetro | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il vaider | ||
| class="masc" | bidru | | class="masc" | bidru | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="fem" | la vitre | | class="fem" | la vitre | ||
| Line 89: | Line 89: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la fleur | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la fleur | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la flleur | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2"| la flieur | | class="fem" rowspan="2"| la flieur | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il fiore | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il fiore | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la flur | ||
| class="masc" | flore | | class="masc" | flore | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="fem" | înflorire (''fem'') | | class="fem" | înflorire (''fem'') | ||
| Line 107: | Line 107: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couleur | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couleur | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couoleu | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couleu | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couleu | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il colore | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il colore | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la colur | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | colore | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | colore | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="neut" | colorit (''neut'') | | class="neut" | colorit (''neut'') | ||
| Line 128: | Line 128: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il dolore | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il dolore | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | dolore | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | dolore | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="fem" | la dolore | | class="fem" | la dolore | ||
| Line 145: | Line 145: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il ponte | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il ponte | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la punt | ||
| class="masc" | ponte | | class="masc" | ponte | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="neut" | ponton; pod (''neut.'') | | class="neut" | ponton; pod (''neut.'') | ||
| Line 163: | Line 163: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | il pollice | | class="masc" | il pollice | ||
| + | | class="masc" | il polesch | ||
| class="masc" | poddighe (mannu) | | class="masc" | poddighe (mannu) | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2"| blood | |style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2"| blood | ||
| Line 175: | Line 175: | ||
| class="fem" | sang (''fem'') | | class="fem" | sang (''fem'') | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | le sang | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | le sang | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'sang | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'sang | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il sangue | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il sangue | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il sang | ||
| class="masc" | sanguni | | class="masc" | sanguni | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="masc" | sang (''masc'') | | class="masc" | sang (''masc'') | ||
| Line 196: | Line 196: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | il sale | | class="masc" | il sale | ||
| + | | class="masc" | il sal | ||
| class="masc" | sale | | class="masc" | sale | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2" | labor, task, ploughing | |style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2" | labor, task, ploughing | ||
| Line 228: | Line 228: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="fem" | la fine | | class="fem" | la fine | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la fin | ||
| class="masc" | fine | | class="masc" | fine | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="masc" | il fine | | class="masc" | il fine | ||
| Line 243: | Line 243: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'arbre (''masc'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'arbre (''masc'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'âbre (''masc'') | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'arbre (''masc''); l'bouais | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'arbre (''masc''); l'bouais | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'albero (''masc'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'albero (''masc'') | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" | arvere | | class="masc" | arvere | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="masc" | a(l/r)bure | | class="masc" | a(l/r)bure | ||
| Line 260: | Line 260: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | l'arte (''fem'') | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | l'arte (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | arte | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | arte | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="fempl" | las artes | | class="fempl" | las artes | ||
| Line 280: | Line 280: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | il costume | | class="masc" | il costume | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="fem" | costumene | | class="fem" | costumene | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | origin | |style="font-weight: bold;" | origin | ||
| Line 295: | Line 295: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | l'origine (''fem'') | | class="fem" | l'origine (''fem'') | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="fem" | origine | | class="fem" | origine | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | hail | |style="font-weight: bold;" | hail | ||
| Line 310: | Line 310: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | la grandine | | class="fem" | la grandine | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la granella | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | milk | |style="font-weight: bold;" | milk | ||
| Line 322: | Line 322: | ||
| class="masc" | lach | | class="masc" | lach | ||
| class="masc" | le lait | | class="masc" | le lait | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="masc" | l'lait | | class="masc" | l'lait | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | il latte | | class="masc" | il latte | ||
| + | | class="masc" | il latg | ||
| class="fem" | latte | | class="fem" | latte | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | sea | |style="font-weight: bold;" | sea | ||
| Line 340: | Line 340: | ||
| class="fem" | la mé | | class="fem" | la mé | ||
| class="masc" | il mare | | class="masc" | il mare | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la mar | ||
| class="masc" | mare | | class="masc" | mare | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2" | honey | |style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2" | honey | ||
| Line 355: | Line 355: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | il miele | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | il miele | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | miele | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | miele | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="fem" | la mel | | class="fem" | la mel | ||
| Line 376: | Line 376: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | il ghiaccio | | class="masc" | il ghiaccio | ||
| + | | class="masc" | il glatsch | ||
| class="masc" | ghiacciu | | class="masc" | ghiacciu | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | landscape | |style="font-weight: bold;" | landscape | ||
| Line 391: | Line 391: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | il paesaggio | | class="masc" | il paesaggio | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="masc" | paesaggiu | | class="masc" | paesaggiu | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | cloud | |style="font-weight: bold;" | cloud | ||
| Line 403: | Line 403: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | le nuage | | class="masc" | le nuage | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la nuaée | ||
| class="masc" | l'nouage | | class="masc" | l'nouage | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la nuvola | | class="fem" | la nuvola | ||
| + | | class="masc" | il nivel | ||
| class="fem" | nue | | class="fem" | nue | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2" | valley | |style="font-weight: bold;" rowspan="2" | valley | ||
| Line 418: | Line 418: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vallée | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vallée | ||
| + | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vallée | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vallée | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la valle | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la valle | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2"| la val | ||
| class="fem" | badde | | class="fem" | badde | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| class="fem" | valli | | class="fem" | valli | ||
| Line 435: | Line 435: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | le drapeau | | class="masc" | le drapeau | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la couoleu | ||
| class="fem" | la couleu | | class="fem" | la couleu | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la bandiera | | class="fem" | la bandiera | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 450: | Line 450: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | l'araignée (''fem'') | | class="fem" | l'araignée (''fem'') | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="masc" | l'pêtre | | class="masc" | l'pêtre | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | il ragno | | class="masc" | il ragno | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 485: | Line 485: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la garascha | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | car | |style="font-weight: bold;" | car | ||
| Line 497: | Line 497: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | l'auto (''fem'') | | class="fem" | l'auto (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la qùérette; la maringote; l'éto (?) | ||
| class="fem" | la vaituthe; moto (?) | | class="fem" | la vaituthe; moto (?) | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | l'auto (''fem'') | | class="fem" | l'auto (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" | l'auto (''masc'') | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
|style="font-weight: bold;" | tomato | |style="font-weight: bold;" | tomato | ||
| Line 512: | Line 512: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | la tomate | | class="fem" | la tomate | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="fem" | la tanmate | | class="fem" | la tanmate | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la tomata | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | Created from adjectival forms | | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | Created from adjectival forms | ||
| Line 528: | Line 528: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la minute | ||
| class="fem" | la minute | | class="fem" | la minute | ||
| class="fem" | la minnute | | class="fem" | la minnute | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | il minuto | | class="masc" | il minuto | ||
| + | | class="fem" | la minuta | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | Derived from verbs | | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | Derived from verbs | ||
| Line 546: | Line 546: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | la conquète | | class="fem" | la conquète | ||
| + | | class="masc" | le conqùet | ||
| class="fem" | la contchête | | class="fem" | la contchête | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la conquista | | class="fem" | la conquista | ||
| | | | ||
Revision as of 04:38, 14 January 2008
Spanish and French, both being Romance languages, have a gender attribute to their nouns. Also, being related, many words have the same origin. These are called cognates. In French, cognates that don't have the same meaning as their source are called faux amis. Having studied French before Spanish, and not ever having been good at remembering what gender a given noun was in French, I found it convenient to rely on Spanish when I needed a noun's gender, since remembering a noun's gender in Spanish is as simple as learning only a few rules and a handful of exceptions. However, it turns out that not all French-Spanish cognates have the same gender, though probably well over 90% do.
Here's a small compilation of exceptions that Jonathan North Washington, Hannah Beth Washington, George Martin Fell Brown, and Michael-Forest Meservy have been able to collect.
The Chart
| English | Latin | Romanian | Portuguese | Galician | Spanish | Catalan | Occitan | French | Cotentinais | Jèrriais | Italian | Romansh | Sardinian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First declension | |||||||||||||
| edge, border | ora, orae (1f) | bordură (fem) | a orla | o bordo | la orla | la bordure | l'orlo (masc) | oru | |||||
| Second declension | |||||||||||||
| nose | nasus, nasi (2m) | o nariz | o nariz | la nariz | le nez | l'nez | il naso | il nas | nasu | ||||
| journey, voyage | viaticus, viatici (2m) | a viagem | a viaxe | el viaje | el viatge | le voyage | il viaggio | ||||||
| glass | vitrum, vitri (2n) | o vidro | o vidro | el vidrio | le verre | l'vèrre | il vetro | il vaider | bidru | ||||
| la vitre | l'vitre | vetru | |||||||||||
| Third declension | |||||||||||||
| flower | flos, floris (3m) | floare (fem) | a flor | a flor | la flor | la fleur | la flleur | la flieur | il fiore | la flur | flore | ||
| înflorire (fem) | fiore | ||||||||||||
| colour | color, coloris (3m) | culoare (fem) | a cor | a cor | el color | el color | la couleur | la couoleu | la couleu | il colore | la colur | colore | |
| colorit (neut) | la color | ||||||||||||
| pain | dolor, doloris (3m) | durere (fem) | a dor | a dor | el dolor | el dolore | la douleur | il dolore | dolore | ||||
| la dolore | |||||||||||||
| bridge | pons, pontis (3m) | punte (fem) | a ponte | a ponte | el puente | el pǫnt | le pont | il ponte | la punt | ponte | |||
| ponton; pod (neut.) | ponti | ||||||||||||
| inch | pollex, pollicis (3m) | a polegada | a polgada | la pulgada | le pouce | il pollice | il polesch | poddighe (mannu) | |||||
| blood | sanguis, sanguinis (3m) | sînge ("masc") | o sangue | o sangue | la sangre | sang (fem) | le sang | l'sang | il sangue | il sang | sanguni | ||
| sang (masc) | sangu | ||||||||||||
| salt | sal, salis (3m) | sare (fem) | o sal | o sal | la sal | la sal | le sel | il sale | il sal | sale | |||
| labor, task, ploughing | labor, laboris (3m) | o lavouro | o labor | la labor | le labeur | il lavoro | |||||||
| le labour | |||||||||||||
| end | finis, finis (3m, i-stem) | o fim | o fin | el fin | la fin | la fine | la fin | fine | |||||
| il fine | finis | ||||||||||||
| tree | arbor, arboris (3f) | a árvore | a árbore | el árbol | l'arbre (masc) | l'âbre (masc) | l'arbre (masc); l'bouais | l'albero (masc) | arvere | ||||
| a(l/r)bure | |||||||||||||
| art | ars, artis (3f) | a arte | a arte | el arte | l'art (masc) | l'art (masc) | l'arte (fem) | l'art (masc) | arte | ||||
| las artes | |||||||||||||
| custom | consuetudo, consuetudinis (3f) | o costume | o costume | la costumbre | la coutume | il costume | costumene | ||||||
| origin | origo, originis (3f) | origine (fem) | a origem | a orixe | el origen | l'origine (fem) | l'origine (fem) | origine | |||||
| hail | grando, grandinis (3f) | o granizo | el granizo | la grêle | la grandine | la granella | |||||||
| milk | lac, lactis (3n) | lapte (neut) | o leite | o leite | la leche | llet | lach | le lait | l'lait | il latte | il latg | latte | |
| sea | mar, maris (3n) | mare (fem) | o mar | o mar | el mar | la mer | la mé | la mé | il mare | la mar | mare | ||
| honey | mel, mellis (3n) | miere (fem) | o mel | o mel | la miel | el mel | le miel | il miele | miele | ||||
| la mel | |||||||||||||
| Fourth declension | |||||||||||||
| Fifth declension | |||||||||||||
| ice | glacies, glaciei (5f) | o gelo | o xeo | el hielo | la glace | il ghiaccio | il glatsch | ghiacciu | |||||
| landscape | a paisagem | a paisaxe | el paisaje | le paysage | il paesaggio | paesaggiu | |||||||
| cloud | nubes, nubis (?f) | a nuvem | a nube | la nube | le nuage | la nuaée | l'nouage | la nuvola | il nivel | nue | |||
| valley | valles, vallis (?f) | o vale | o val | el valle | la vall | la vallée | la vallée | la valle | la val | badde | |||
| valli | |||||||||||||
| flag | a bandeira | a bandeira | la bandera | le drapeau | la couoleu | la couleu | la bandiera | ||||||
| spider | a aranha | a araña | la araña | l'araignée (fem) | l'pêtre | il ragno | |||||||
| Neologisms | |||||||||||||
| make-up | a maquiagem | el maquillaje | le maquillage | ||||||||||
| garage | garaj (neut) | a garagem | o garaxe | el garaje | el garatge | le garage | la garascha | ||||||
| car | automobil (neut) | o auto | el auto | l'auto (masc) | l'auto (fem) | la qùérette; la maringote; l'éto (?) | la vaituthe; moto (?) | l'auto (fem) | l'auto (masc) | ||||
| tomato | tomată | o tomate | o tomate | el tomate | el tomàquet | la tomate | la tanmate | la tomata | |||||
| Created from adjectival forms | |||||||||||||
| minute | minut | o minuto | o minuto | el minuto | la minute | la minute | la minnute | il minuto | la minuta | ||||
| Derived from verbs | |||||||||||||
| conquest | a conquista | a conquista | la conquista | la conquète | le conqùet | la contchête | la conquista | ||||||
| shelf | a estante | o estante | el estante | l'étagère (fem) | |||||||||
Footnotes
- This is the first test footnote 1
- This is the second
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