Difference between revisions of "Non-productive morphemes in Turkic"
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* '''suu''' - water / wet; '''suğar-''' - to water (v.t.) | * '''suu''' - water / wet; '''suğar-''' - to water (v.t.) | ||
* '''jaş''' - age (n.) / young; '''jaşar-''' - to get/look younger | * '''jaş''' - age (n.) / young; '''jaşar-''' - to get/look younger | ||
| − | * '''qısqa''' - short; '''qısqar-''' - to shorten | + | * '''qısqa''' - short; '''qısqar-''' - to shorten / get short (v.i.) |
| − | * '''kök''' - green~blue; '''kögör-''' - to | + | * '''kök''' - green~blue; '''kögör-''' - to turn green (v.i.) |
| − | * '''aq''' - white; '''ağar-''' - to | + | * '''aq''' - white; '''ağar-''' - to turn white (v.i.) |
| − | * '''jaŋı''' - new; '''jaŋır-''' - to be restored | + | * '''jaŋı''' - new; '''jaŋır-''' - to be restored/revitalised/renewed (v.i.) |
| − | * '''eski''' - old; '''eskir-''' - to wear out | + | * '''eski''' - old; '''eskir-''' - to wear out (v.i.) |
| + | * '''içke''' - thin (of long things); '''içker-''' - to get thin (v.i.) | ||
== Other Alternations == | == Other Alternations == | ||
Revision as of 14:02, 11 August 2009
Contents
-A (N→V)
- boş - empty, free (space, time); boşo- - to empty, become free (v.i.)
- at - name; ata- - to call/name (v.t.)
- san - number; sana- - to count/enumerate (v.t.)
- jaş - age (n.) / young; jaşa- - to live (v.i.)
- aş - food; aşa- - to eat by stuffing food into mouth from hands (one's own or other's)
- sın - criticism; sına- - to criticise, evaluate (v.t.)
- qıŋğır - jingling, ringing; qıŋğıra- - to jingle, ring (v.i.)
- qıyın - difficult; qıyna- - to be difficult (v.i.) ~ to torment? (v.t.)
- til - tongue; tile- - to wish
- orın - place/location; orna- - to be located
- qan - blood; qana- - to bleed? (v.t.)
-sIz → -sIrA
- alsız - weak; alsıra- - to weaken (v.i.)
- Uzbek yog‘ - oil; yog‘sira- - to unoil(?)
-Ay (N→V)
- az - little (in quantity); azay- - to lessen (v.i.)
- çoŋ - big; çoŋoy- - to grow (v.i.)
- köp - a lot; köböy- - to increase in quantity (v.i.)
- keŋ - wide; keŋey- - to get wide (v.i.)
- qıyşıq - crooked; qıyşay- - to get crooked (v.i.)
- joon - thick (of cylindrical things); joonoy- - to thicken (??)
- muŋ - grief; muŋay- - to be sad
- qart - old (person); qartay- - to get old (v.i.)
r/z alternations
- köz - eye; kör- - see
- semiz - fat (adj.); semir- - to get fat
- jetkiz-/jetkir- - to ~lead somewhere / help reach
- jatqız-/jatqır- - to make lie down
- ötköz-/ötkör- - to carry out / execute
- atqar- (should be atqaz-?) - to carry out / execute
∅ (X↔V?)
- köp - a lot; köp- - to swell, get big (in volume, not mass), rise (of dough)
- toŋ - frozen ground(?); toŋ- - to freeze (v.i.)
- qızıq - interesting (adj.); qızıq- - to be interested by (v.i.?)
-Ar (Adj→V)
- suu - water / wet; suğar- - to water (v.t.)
- jaş - age (n.) / young; jaşar- - to get/look younger
- qısqa - short; qısqar- - to shorten / get short (v.i.)
- kök - green~blue; kögör- - to turn green (v.i.)
- aq - white; ağar- - to turn white (v.i.)
- jaŋı - new; jaŋır- - to be restored/revitalised/renewed (v.i.)
- eski - old; eskir- - to wear out (v.i.)
- içke - thin (of long things); içker- - to get thin (v.i.)
Other Alternations
??? qız - girl / qızıl - red / qızı- - to blush / qızar- - to blush
Irregular forms
- Kyrgz/Kazakh bala → baldar
- Sakha kııs → kıırkıttar
-KArI
keri means something like "backside side" or "reverse" or something...
- teskeri - backwards ← ters - opposite
- tışqarı - aside from, outside of ← tış - outside
