Similarities to Turkic: Difference between revisions

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Turkic words which are similar to words in other language groups
Turkic words which are similar to words in other language groups


== Technology ==
* altın - ''gold''
* altın - ''gold''
** '''Finnish''' ''kulta'' - ''gold''
** '''Finnish''' ''kulta'' - ''gold''
** '''Germanic''' ''gold''
** '''Germanic''' ''gold''


* bulat - ''steel'', balta - ''axe''
** '''Tokharian A''' ''porat'' - axe
** '''Proto-IE''' ''pelk'-'' - chop
== Nature ==
* alma - ''apple''
* alma - ''apple''
** '''Germanic''' ''*æpl''
** '''Germanic''' ''*æpl''
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** '''Germanic''' ''sun''
** '''Germanic''' ''sun''


* qal - ''stay''
* yil - ''year''
** '''Germanic''' ''halt, hold''
** '''English''' ''year''


* qol - ''hand, arm''
* ań - ''moon, month''
** '''Germanic''' ''hand, hold''
** (Proto-Altaic *'''ā́ńu''', most Turkic '''ay''')
** '''Latin''' ''annus'' - year
** '''Gothic''' *''aþni'' - year


* qağan - ''ruler, khan''
* yer - ''earth, land''
** '''Hebrew''' ''kohen''
** '''Germanic''' ''erd''
** '''English''' ''yard, earth''
** '''Semitic''' ''ˀarḍ'' - ''earth''


* qız - ''girl, daughter''
** '''English''' ''kid, kith''


* qay - (qaysı - ''which'', qayda - ''where'', (kim - ''who'',) etc)
== Verbs ==
** '''Proto-IE''' ''kwe'' (?)
* qal - ''stay''
 
** '''Germanic''' ''halt, hold''
* PrTk. *padaq - ''foot''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''ped, pod''


* ber - ''give''
* ber - ''give''
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** '''Russian''' ''печь''
** '''Russian''' ''печь''


* bir - ''one''
* tur - ''stand''
** '''English''' ''first''
** '''Germanic''' en: ''dare'', yi: ''tor''
** '''Romance''' ''prim-''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''prHuo-'' - ''first''


* ek(k)i - ''two''
* je - ''eat''
** '''English''' ''second''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''ed-'' - ''eat''
** '''Finnish''' ''kaksi'' (?)


* caq / cağ - ''jaw''
* çab- - ''cut''
** '''English''' ''jaw''
** '''English''' ''chop''
** '''Spanish''' ''zapatas'' - ''shoes''
** '''French''' ''sabotage''


* yaxşı - ''good''
* ekʷ- - ''drink''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''meH-, wEsu-'' (?)
** '''Proto-IE''' *''ekʷ-'' - drink
** '''Turkic''' ''iç'' - drink


* gäpr - ''speak''
* gäpr - ''speak''
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** '''Proto-IE''' ''gebh-'' - ''jaw, mouth''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''gebh-'' - ''jaw, mouth''


* yil - ''year''
== Body parts ==
** '''English''' ''year''
* qol - ''hand, arm''
** '''Germanic''' ''hand, hold''


* yer - ''earth, land''
* PrTk. *padaq - ''foot''
** '''Germanic''' ''erd''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''ped, pod''
** '''English''' ''yard, earth''
** '''Semitic''' ''ˀarḍ'' - ''earth''


* aul - ''village'' (field?)  (awla - ''yard'')
* el - ''hand''
** '''English''' ''hall''
** '''English''' ''el''


* tur - ''stand''
* caq / cağ - ''jaw''
** '''Germanic''' en: ''dare'', yi: ''tor''
** '''English''' ''jaw''
 
* aq - "white"
** '''Proto-IE''' ''arg'-'' - ''white, shine''
 
* je - ''eat''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''ed-'' - ''eat''
 
* çab- - ''cut''
** '''English''' ''chop''
** '''Spanish''' ''zapatas'' - ''shoes''
** '''French''' ''sabotage''


* qulaq - ''ear''
* qulaq - ''ear''
** '''Tokharian B''' ''klautso''
** '''Tokharian B''' ''klautso''
* bulat - ''steel'', balta - ''axe''
** '''Tokharian A''' ''porat'' - axe
** '''Proto-IE''' ''pelk'-'' - chop


* meŋä / miy - ''brain''
* meŋä / miy - ''brain''
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** '''Hebrew''' ''MWX'' - brain
** '''Hebrew''' ''MWX'' - brain
*** '''Yiddish''' ''moyex'' - brain
*** '''Yiddish''' ''moyex'' - brain
* but - ''foot''
** '''Proto-IE''' *''pod-'' - foot, en: ''boot'', ''foot''
== Numerals ==
* bir - ''one''
** '''English''' ''first''
** '''Romance''' ''prim-''
** '''Proto-IE''' ''prHuo-'' - ''first''
* ek(k)i - ''two''
** '''English''' ''second''
** '''Finnish''' ''kaksi'' (?)
* beş - ''five''
* jetti - ''seven''
* sekkiz - ''eight''
== People ==
* qağan - ''ruler, khan''
** '''Hebrew''' ''kohen''
* qız - ''girl, daughter''
** '''English''' ''kid, kith''


* er - ''male, man''
* er - ''male, man''
** '''Proto-IE''' *''er'' - bull, male
** '''Proto-IE''' *''er'' - bull, male


* ań - ''moon, month''
== Other ==
** (Proto-Altaic *'''ā́ńu''', most Turkic '''ay''')
 
** '''Latin''' ''annus'' - year
* qay - (qaysı - ''which'', qayda - ''where'', (kim - ''who'',) etc)
** '''Gothic''' *''aþni'' - year
** '''Proto-IE''' ''kwe'' (?)


* ekʷ- - ''drink''
* yaxşı - ''good''
** '''Proto-IE''' *''ekʷ-'' - drink
** '''Proto-IE''' ''meH-, wEsu-'' (?)
** '''Turkic''' ''iç'' - drink


* but - ''foot''
* aul - ''village'' (field?)  (awla - ''yard'')
** '''Proto-IE''' *''pod-'' - foot, en: ''boot'', ''foot''
** '''English''' ''hall''


* beş - ''five''
* aq - "white"
** '''Proto-IE''' ''arg'-'' - ''white, shine''


* qut - ''fortune''
* qut - ''fortune''
** '''Germanic''' en: ''good''
** '''Germanic''' en: ''good''
* el - ''hand''
** '''English''' ''el''


[[Category:Turkic Languages]]
[[Category:Turkic Languages]]
[[Category:Historical Linguistics]]
[[Category:Historical Linguistics]]

Revision as of 09:22, 20 May 2007

The orthography used to represent Turkic languages on this page is a phonemic system based on Turkish orthography.
This is done to avoid focusing on the phonetic differences between different languages used.
The IPA is used when describing the phonetics of Turkic languages.

Turkic words which are similar to words in other language groups

Technology

  • altın - gold
    • Finnish kulta - gold
    • Germanic gold
  • bulat - steel, balta - axe
    • Tokharian A porat - axe
    • Proto-IE pelk'- - chop


Nature

  • alma - apple
    • Germanic *æpl
    • Russian jablo-
    • Latin/Romance pom-
    • Greek melo-
    • Proto-IE HebOl-
  • kün - day, sun
    • Germanic sun
  • yil - year
    • English year
  • ań - moon, month
    • (Proto-Altaic *ā́ńu, most Turkic ay)
    • Latin annus - year
    • Gothic *aþni - year
  • yer - earth, land
    • Germanic erd
    • English yard, earth
    • Semitic ˀarḍ - earth


Verbs

  • qal - stay
    • Germanic halt, hold
  • ber - give
    • Proto-IE bher - carry, bear
    • Russian брать - take
  • piçir - cook
    • Proto-IE pekw-
    • Russian печь
  • tur - stand
    • Germanic en: dare, yi: tor
  • je - eat
    • Proto-IE ed- - eat
  • çab- - cut
    • English chop
    • Spanish zapatas - shoes
    • French sabotage
  • ekʷ- - drink
    • Proto-IE *ekʷ- - drink
    • Turkic iç - drink
  • gäpr - speak
    • English jabber
    • Russian говорить - speak
    • Proto-IE gebh- - jaw, mouth

Body parts

  • qol - hand, arm
    • Germanic hand, hold
  • PrTk. *padaq - foot
    • Proto-IE ped, pod
  • el - hand
    • English el
  • caq / cağ - jaw
    • English jaw
  • qulaq - ear
    • Tokharian B klautso
  • meŋä / miy - brain
    • Russian мозг - brain
    • Hebrew MWX - brain
      • Yiddish moyex - brain
  • but - foot
    • Proto-IE *pod- - foot, en: boot, foot


Numerals

  • bir - one
    • English first
    • Romance prim-
    • Proto-IE prHuo- - first
  • ek(k)i - two
    • English second
    • Finnish kaksi (?)
  • beş - five
  • jetti - seven
  • sekkiz - eight

People

  • qağan - ruler, khan
    • Hebrew kohen
  • qız - girl, daughter
    • English kid, kith
  • er - male, man
    • Proto-IE *er - bull, male

Other

  • qay - (qaysı - which, qayda - where, (kim - who,) etc)
    • Proto-IE kwe (?)
  • yaxşı - good
    • Proto-IE meH-, wEsu- (?)
  • aul - village (field?) (awla - yard)
    • English hall
  • aq - "white"
    • Proto-IE arg'- - white, shine
  • qut - fortune
    • Germanic en: good
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