Difference between revisions of "Faux Genders"
From FireSpeakerWiki
Jump to navigationJump to searchFirespeaker (talk | contribs) (→The Chart) |
Firespeaker (talk | contribs) (→The Chart: swap of Catalan and Portuguese) |
||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
|+Faux Genders | |+Faux Genders | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | ! English !! Latin !! Romanian !! Portuguese !! | + | ! English !! Latin !! Romanian !! Portuguese !! Galician !! Catalan !! Spanish !! Jèrriais !! Cotentinais !! French !! Occitan !! Italian !! Sardinian !! Romansh |
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | First declension | | colspan="14" align="center" style="font-weight: bold;" | First declension | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
| class="fem" | bordură (''fem'') | | class="fem" | bordură (''fem'') | ||
| class="fem" | a orla | | class="fem" | a orla | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o bordo | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la orla | | class="fem" | la orla | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
| class="masc" | nasus, nasi (''2m'') | | class="masc" | nasus, nasi (''2m'') | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o nariz | ||
| class="masc" | o nariz | | class="masc" | o nariz | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la nariz | | class="fem" | la nariz | ||
| class="masc" | l'nez | | class="masc" | l'nez | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | a viagem | | class="fem" | a viagem | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a viaxe | ||
| class="masc" | el viatge | | class="masc" | el viatge | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el viaje | | class="masc" | el viaje | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 62: | Line 62: | ||
| class="neut" rowspan="2" | vitrum, vitri (''2n'') | | class="neut" rowspan="2" | vitrum, vitri (''2n'') | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o vidro | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | o vidro | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o vidro | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el vidrio | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el vidrio | ||
| class="masc" | l'vèrre | | class="masc" | l'vèrre | ||
| Line 83: | Line 83: | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | flos, floris (''3m'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | flos, floris (''3m'') | ||
| class="fem" | floare (''fem'') | | class="fem" | floare (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a flor | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | a flor | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a flor | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la flor | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la flor | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2"| la flieur | | class="fem" rowspan="2"| la flieur | ||
| Line 101: | Line 101: | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | color, coloris (''3m'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | color, coloris (''3m'') | ||
| class="fem" | culoare (''fem'') | | class="fem" | culoare (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a cor | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | a cor | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a cor | ||
| class="masc" | el color | | class="masc" | el color | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el color | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el color | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couleu | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la couleu | ||
| Line 119: | Line 119: | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | dolor, doloris (''3m'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | dolor, doloris (''3m'') | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | durere (''fem'') | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | durere (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a dor | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | a dor | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a dor | ||
| class="masc" | el dolore | | class="masc" | el dolore | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el dolor | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el dolor | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| Line 136: | Line 136: | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | pons, pontis (''3m'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | pons, pontis (''3m'') | ||
| class="fem" | punte (''fem'') | | class="fem" | punte (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a ponte | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | a ponte | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a ponte | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el pǫnt | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el pǫnt | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el puente | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el puente | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| Line 155: | Line 155: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | a polegada | | class="fem" | a polegada | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a polgada | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la pulgada | | class="fem" | la pulgada | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 169: | Line 169: | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | sanguis, sanguinis (''3m'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | sanguis, sanguinis (''3m'') | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | sînge ("masc") | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | sînge ("masc") | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o sangue | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | o sangue | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o sangue | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la sangre | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la sangre | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'sang | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'sang | ||
| Line 187: | Line 187: | ||
| class="masc" | sal, salis (''3m'') | | class="masc" | sal, salis (''3m'') | ||
| class="fem" | sare (''fem'') | | class="fem" | sare (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o sal | ||
| class="masc" | o sal | | class="masc" | o sal | ||
| class="fem" | la sal | | class="fem" | la sal | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la sal | | class="fem" | la sal | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 203: | Line 203: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | o lavouro | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o lavouro | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o labor | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la labor | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la labor | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| Line 220: | Line 220: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | o fim | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o fim | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o fin | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el fin | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el fin | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| Line 238: | Line 238: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | a árvore | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a árvore | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a árbore | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el árbol | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el árbol | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'arbre (''masc''); l'bouais | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'arbre (''masc''); l'bouais | ||
| Line 254: | Line 254: | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | ars, artis (''3f'') | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | ars, artis (''3f'') | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| + | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a arte | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | a arte | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | a arte | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el arte | | class="masc" | el arte | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | l'art (''masc'') | ||
| Line 271: | Line 271: | ||
| class="fem" | consuetudo, consuetudinis (''3f'') | | class="fem" | consuetudo, consuetudinis (''3f'') | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o costume | ||
| class="masc" | o costume | | class="masc" | o costume | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la costumbre | | class="fem" | la costumbre | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 287: | Line 287: | ||
| class="fem" | origine (''fem'') | | class="fem" | origine (''fem'') | ||
| class="fem" | a origem | | class="fem" | a origem | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a orixe | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el origen | | class="masc" | el origen | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 316: | Line 316: | ||
| class="neut" | lac, lactis (''3n'') | | class="neut" | lac, lactis (''3n'') | ||
| class="neut" |lapte (''neut'') | | class="neut" |lapte (''neut'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o leite | ||
| class="masc" | o leite | | class="masc" | o leite | ||
| class="fem" | llet | | class="fem" | llet | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la leche | | class="fem" | la leche | ||
| class="masc" | l'lait | | class="masc" | l'lait | ||
| Line 331: | Line 331: | ||
| class="neut" | mar, maris (''3n'') | | class="neut" | mar, maris (''3n'') | ||
| class="fem" | mare (''fem'') | | class="fem" | mare (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o mar | ||
| class="masc" | o mar | | class="masc" | o mar | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el mar | | class="masc" | el mar | ||
| class="fem" | la mé | | class="fem" | la mé | ||
| Line 346: | Line 346: | ||
| class="neut" rowspan="2" | mel, mellis (''3n'') | | class="neut" rowspan="2" | mel, mellis (''3n'') | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | miere (''fem'') | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | miere (''fem'') | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o mel | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | o mel | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o mel | ||
| class="masc" | el mel | | class="masc" | el mel | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la miel | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la miel | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| Line 368: | Line 368: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="masc" | o gelo | | class="masc" | o gelo | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o xeo | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el hielo | | class="masc" | el hielo | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 383: | Line 383: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | a paisagem | | class="fem" | a paisagem | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a paisaxe | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el paisaje | | class="masc" | el paisaje | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 398: | Line 398: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | a nuvem | | class="fem" | a nuvem | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a nube | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la nube | | class="fem" | la nube | ||
| class="masc" | l'nouage | | class="masc" | l'nouage | ||
| Line 413: | Line 413: | ||
| class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | | class="nogender" rowspan="2" | | ||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | o vale | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o vale | ||
| + | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | o val | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vall | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vall | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" rowspan="2" | el valle | | class="masc" rowspan="2" | el valle | ||
| class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vallée | | class="fem" rowspan="2" | la vallée | ||
| Line 429: | Line 429: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a bandeira | ||
| class="fem" | a bandeira | | class="fem" | a bandeira | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la bandera | | class="fem" | la bandera | ||
| class="fem" | la couleu | | class="fem" | la couleu | ||
| Line 445: | Line 445: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | a aranha | | class="fem" | a aranha | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a araña | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la araña | | class="fem" | la araña | ||
| class="masc" | l'pêtre | | class="masc" | l'pêtre | ||
| Line 477: | Line 477: | ||
| class="neut" | garaj (''neut'') | | class="neut" | garaj (''neut'') | ||
| class="fem" | a garagem | | class="fem" | a garagem | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o garaxe | ||
| class="masc" | el garatge | | class="masc" | el garatge | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el garaje | | class="masc" | el garaje | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 492: | Line 492: | ||
| class="neut" | automobil (''neut'') | | class="neut" | automobil (''neut'') | ||
| class="masc" | o auto | | class="masc" | o auto | ||
| + | | | ||
| class="masc" | l'auto (''masc'') | | class="masc" | l'auto (''masc'') | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el auto | | class="masc" | el auto | ||
| class="fem" | la vaituthe; moto (?) | | class="fem" | la vaituthe; moto (?) | ||
| Line 506: | Line 506: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | tomată | | class="fem" | tomată | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o tomate | ||
| class="masc" | o tomate | | class="masc" | o tomate | ||
| class="masc" | el tomàquet | | class="masc" | el tomàquet | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el tomate | | class="masc" | el tomate | ||
| class="fem" | la tanmate | | class="fem" | la tanmate | ||
| Line 523: | Line 523: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="neut" | minut | | class="neut" | minut | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o minuto | ||
| class="masc" | o minuto | | class="masc" | o minuto | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el minuto | | class="masc" | el minuto | ||
| class="fem" | la minnute | | class="fem" | la minnute | ||
| Line 540: | Line 540: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| + | | class="fem" | a conquista | ||
| class="fem" | a conquista | | class="fem" | a conquista | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="fem" | la conquista | | class="fem" | la conquista | ||
| class="fem" | la contchête | | class="fem" | la contchête | ||
| Line 556: | Line 556: | ||
| | | | ||
| class="fem" | a estante | | class="fem" | a estante | ||
| + | | class="masc" | o estante | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |||
| class="masc" | el estante | | class="masc" | el estante | ||
| | | | ||
Revision as of 04:22, 14 January 2008
Spanish and French, both being Romance languages, have a gender attribute to their nouns. Also, being related, many words have the same origin. These are called cognates. In French, cognates that don't have the same meaning as their source are called faux amis. Having studied French before Spanish, and not ever having been good at remembering what gender a given noun was in French, I found it convenient to rely on Spanish when I needed a noun's gender, since remembering a noun's gender in Spanish is as simple as learning only a few rules and a handful of exceptions. However, it turns out that not all French-Spanish cognates have the same gender, though probably well over 90% do.
Here's a small compilation of exceptions that Jonathan North Washington, Hannah Beth Washington, George Martin Fell Brown, and Michael-Forest Meservy have been able to collect.
The Chart
| English | Latin | Romanian | Portuguese | Galician | Catalan | Spanish | Jèrriais | Cotentinais | French | Occitan | Italian | Sardinian | Romansh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First declension | |||||||||||||
| edge, border | ora, orae (1f) | bordură (fem) | a orla | o bordo | la orla | la bordure | l'orlo (masc) | oru | |||||
| Second declension | |||||||||||||
| nose | nasus, nasi (2m) | o nariz | o nariz | la nariz | l'nez | le nez | il naso | nasu | il nas | ||||
| journey, voyage | viaticus, viatici (2m) | a viagem | a viaxe | el viatge | el viaje | le voyage | il viaggio | ||||||
| glass | vitrum, vitri (2n) | o vidro | o vidro | el vidrio | l'vèrre | le verre | il vetro | bidru | il vaider | ||||
| l'vitre | la vitre | vetru | |||||||||||
| Third declension | |||||||||||||
| flower | flos, floris (3m) | floare (fem) | a flor | a flor | la flor | la flieur | la flleur | la fleur | il fiore | flore | la flur | ||
| înflorire (fem) | fiore | ||||||||||||
| colour | color, coloris (3m) | culoare (fem) | a cor | a cor | el color | el color | la couleu | la couoleu | la couleur | il colore | colore | la colur | |
| colorit (neut) | la color | ||||||||||||
| pain | dolor, doloris (3m) | durere (fem) | a dor | a dor | el dolore | el dolor | la douleur | il dolore | dolore | ||||
| la dolore | |||||||||||||
| bridge | pons, pontis (3m) | punte (fem) | a ponte | a ponte | el pǫnt | el puente | le pont | il ponte | ponte | la punt | |||
| ponton; pod (neut.) | ponti | ||||||||||||
| inch | pollex, pollicis (3m) | a polegada | a polgada | la pulgada | le pouce | il pollice | poddighe (mannu) | il polesch | |||||
| blood | sanguis, sanguinis (3m) | sînge ("masc") | o sangue | o sangue | la sangre | l'sang | le sang | sang (fem) | il sangue | sanguni | il sang | ||
| sang (masc) | sangu | ||||||||||||
| salt | sal, salis (3m) | sare (fem) | o sal | o sal | la sal | la sal | le sel | il sale | sale | il sal | |||
| labor, task, ploughing | labor, laboris (3m) | o lavouro | o labor | la labor | le labeur | il lavoro | |||||||
| le labour | |||||||||||||
| end | finis, finis (3m, i-stem) | o fim | o fin | el fin | la fin | la fine | fine | la fin | |||||
| il fine | finis | ||||||||||||
| tree | arbor, arboris (3f) | a árvore | a árbore | el árbol | l'arbre (masc); l'bouais | l'âbre (masc) | l'arbre (masc) | l'albero (masc) | arvere | ||||
| a(l/r)bure | |||||||||||||
| art | ars, artis (3f) | a arte | a arte | el arte | l'art (masc) | l'art (masc) | l'arte (fem) | arte | l'art (masc) | ||||
| las artes | |||||||||||||
| custom | consuetudo, consuetudinis (3f) | o costume | o costume | la costumbre | la coutume | il costume | costumene | ||||||
| origin | origo, originis (3f) | origine (fem) | a origem | a orixe | el origen | l'origine (fem) | l'origine (fem) | origine | |||||
| hail | grando, grandinis (3f) | o granizo | el granizo | la grêle | la grandine | la granella | |||||||
| milk | lac, lactis (3n) | lapte (neut) | o leite | o leite | llet | la leche | l'lait | le lait | lach | il latte | latte | il latg | |
| sea | mar, maris (3n) | mare (fem) | o mar | o mar | el mar | la mé | la mé | la mer | il mare | mare | la mar | ||
| honey | mel, mellis (3n) | miere (fem) | o mel | o mel | el mel | la miel | le miel | il miele | miele | ||||
| la mel | |||||||||||||
| Fourth declension | |||||||||||||
| Fifth declension | |||||||||||||
| ice | glacies, glaciei (5f) | o gelo | o xeo | el hielo | la glace | il ghiaccio | ghiacciu | il glatsch | |||||
| landscape | a paisagem | a paisaxe | el paisaje | le paysage | il paesaggio | paesaggiu | |||||||
| cloud | nubes, nubis (?f) | a nuvem | a nube | la nube | l'nouage | la nuaée | le nuage | la nuvola | nue | il nivel | |||
| valley | valles, vallis (?f) | o vale | o val | la vall | el valle | la vallée | la vallée | la valle | badde | la val | |||
| valli | |||||||||||||
| flag | a bandeira | a bandeira | la bandera | la couleu | la couoleu | le drapeau | la bandiera | ||||||
| spider | a aranha | a araña | la araña | l'pêtre | l'araignée (fem) | il ragno | |||||||
| Neologisms | |||||||||||||
| make-up | a maquiagem | el maquillaje | le maquillage | ||||||||||
| garage | garaj (neut) | a garagem | o garaxe | el garatge | el garaje | le garage | la garascha | ||||||
| car | automobil (neut) | o auto | l'auto (masc) | el auto | la vaituthe; moto (?) | la qùérette; la maringote; l'éto (?) | l'auto (fem) | l'auto (fem) | l'auto (masc) | ||||
| tomato | tomată | o tomate | o tomate | el tomàquet | el tomate | la tanmate | la tomate | la tomata | |||||
| Created from adjectival forms | |||||||||||||
| minute | minut | o minuto | o minuto | el minuto | la minnute | la minute | la minute | il minuto | la minuta | ||||
| Derived from verbs | |||||||||||||
| conquest | a conquista | a conquista | la conquista | la contchête | le conqùet | la conquète | la conquista | ||||||
| shelf | a estante | o estante | el estante | l'étagère (fem) | |||||||||
Footnotes
- This is the first test footnote 1
- This is the second
Back to Linguistic Musings
