Lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz: Difference between revisions

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Line 15: Line 15:
| zaŋ || shit || zaŋ || law
| zaŋ || shit || zaŋ || law
|-
|-
 
| saz || swamp || saz || melody
|}
|}


Line 34: Line 34:
| apa || mother || apa || older female
| apa || mother || apa || older female
|-
|-
| apta (dial.) || week || apta || week
| juma || friday, week || juma || friday (, dial. week)
|-
| juma || friday, week || juma || friday
|-
|-
| jönököy || simply || jönekey || ?
| jönököy || simply || jönekey || ?
Line 44: Line 42:
| tamga || letter || taŋba || ~sign, tamga
| tamga || letter || taŋba || ~sign, tamga
|-
|-
| jığaç || wood || ağaş || tree, wood
|-
| baq || tree || baq || garden
|-
| tuura || correct, straight || tuwra || straight
|-
| durus || || durıs || correct
|-
| aruu || || arıw || beautiful girls
|-
| qalta || ~cloth/sack for carrying something || qalta || pocket
|-
| uq- || listen || uq- || ~understand
|-
| şaş- || hurry || sas- || be panicked (about)
|-
| oromo || a wrapped steamed ~dumpling || oralma || headscarf
|-
| qarma- || hold || qarma- || catch
|}
|}




=== Words where cognate doesn't exist ===
=== Words where cognate doesn't exist ===
(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)


{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center";
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center";
Line 56: Line 74:
! word !! gloss !! word !! gloss
! word !! gloss !! word !! gloss
|-
|-
| üy bülö || family || otbası || family
| '''üy bülö''' || family || '''otbası''' || family
|-
|-
| ooba || yes || iyä || yes
| '''ooba''' || yes || '''iyä''' || yes
|-
|-
| ıya? || huh? || ||
| '''ıya?''' || huh? || ||
|-
|-
| tataal || complicated/complex || keşendi || complicated/complex
| '''tataal''' || complicated/complex || '''keşendi''' || complicated/complex
|-
|-
| qotor- || translate, convert || awdar- || translate, convert
| '''qotor-''' || translate, convert || awdar- || translate, convert
|-
|-
| emerek || furniture || jıyhaz || furniture
| '''emerek''' || furniture || '''jıyhaz''' || furniture
|-
|-
| je || or || nemese || or
| je || or || '''nemese''' || or
|-
|-
| daroo || immediately || birden || "
| '''daroo''' || immediately || birden || "
|-
|-
| qoqus(tan) || suddenly || ? ||  
| '''qoqus(tan)''' || suddenly || ? ||  
|-
|-
| ayant || [city] square || alaŋ || "
| ayant || [city] square || '''alaŋ''' || "
|-
|-
| ? || || şomalda- || to bathe
| ? || || '''şomalda-''' || to bathe
|-
|-
| qooz || pleasant to look at (not person) || ? ||
| '''qooz''' || pleasant to look at (not person) || ? ||
|-  
|-  
| mıyzam || law || zaŋ || "
| '''mıyzam''' || law || '''zaŋ''' || "
|-
| '''unaa''' || means of transportation || '''kölik''' || "
|-
| '''ele''' || (many uses) || — ||
|-
| '''da''' || (mood marker) || — ||
|-
| '''jomoq''' || fairy tale || '''ertek''' || "
|-
| '''obon''' || melody || '''saz''' || "
|-
| ır || song || '''än''' || "
|-
| ırda- || sing || '''än ayt-''' || "
|-
| manja || finger || sawsaq || "
|-
| '''uy''' || cow || sıyır || "
|-
| '''çaqa''' (dial. çelek) || bucket || şelek || bucket
|-
| apta (dial.) || week || apta || week
|-
| '''çöntök''' || pocket || qalta || pocket
|-
| uq- || listen, hear || '''esit-''' || hear
|-
| uq- || listen, hear || '''tıŋda-''' || listen
|-
| || || '''bastıq''' || boss
|-
| izilde- || research || zerte- || research
|-
| kiyinki || next, following || '''kelesi''' || next, following
|-
| '''jooluq''' || scarf || oralma || headscarf
|-
| '''toqoy''' || forest || '''orman''' || forest
|-
| qarma- || hold || '''usta-''' || hold
|}
|}


Line 101: Line 159:
| (bir) tuulğan || relative || tuwıs || relative
| (bir) tuulğan || relative || tuwıs || relative
|-
|-
| erteŋ menen || morning || taŋ-erteŋ || morning
|}
|}


Line 121: Line 180:
|-
|-
| '''jaq- ''' || to be pleasing to || jaq-, '''una-''' || "
| '''jaq- ''' || to be pleasing to || jaq-, '''una-''' || "
|-
| '''joluq-''', kesdeş- || to meet (with) || kesdes- || "
|-
| '''daraq''', baq || tree || '''ağaş''', daraq || "
|-
| köp || often || jiyi || "
|-
| şaar || city || '''qala''', şahar (dial.) || "
|-
| jılmay- || smile || '''kül-''', jımıy- || "
|}
|}


Line 137: Line 206:
|-
|-
| münöz || person's character || minez || person's character
| münöz || person's character || minez || person's character
|-
| maalımat || information || mälimet, mağlumat || infomration
|-
| aalam || ~world || ğalam, älem || world
|-
| salam || greeting || sälem || greeting
|-
| raqmat || thanks || raqmet || thanks
|}
|}


Line 144: Line 221:
* Kazakh mülde
* Kazakh mülde
* Kyrgyz ayabay
* Kyrgyz ayabay
* Kazakh saw bol-
* Kazakh abay bol-, Kyrgyz etiyet bol-
* Kyrgyz qamsız qıl-
* Kyrgyz jaşoo
* qarın/qursaq


[[Category:Linguistics]]
[[Category:Linguistics]]

Revision as of 06:10, 24 December 2008

This is here mainly to quantify lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz. For sound correspondence issues, see Turkic sound changes and Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are.

False friends A

(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably unrelated)

Kyrgyz Kazakh
word gloss word gloss
tamaşa a joke tamaşa perfect
zaŋ shit zaŋ law
saz swamp saz melody


False friends B

(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably related)

Kyrgyz Kazakh
word gloss word gloss
arman a regret, a sorrow arman dream / a wish for something to come
eje mother äje grandmother
apa mother apa older female
juma friday, week juma friday (, dial. week)
jönököy simply jönekey ?
jay slow jay slow, simple, quiet
tamga letter taŋba ~sign, tamga
jığaç wood ağaş tree, wood
baq tree baq garden
tuura correct, straight tuwra straight
durus durıs correct
aruu arıw beautiful girls
qalta ~cloth/sack for carrying something qalta pocket
uq- listen uq- ~understand
şaş- hurry sas- be panicked (about)
oromo a wrapped steamed ~dumpling oralma headscarf
qarma- hold qarma- catch


Words where cognate doesn't exist

(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)

Kyrgyz Kazakh
word gloss word gloss
üy bülö family otbası family
ooba yes iyä yes
ıya? huh?
tataal complicated/complex keşendi complicated/complex
qotor- translate, convert awdar- translate, convert
emerek furniture jıyhaz furniture
je or nemese or
daroo immediately birden "
qoqus(tan) suddenly ?
ayant [city] square alaŋ "
? şomalda- to bathe
qooz pleasant to look at (not person) ?
mıyzam law zaŋ "
unaa means of transportation kölik "
ele (many uses) —
da (mood marker) —
jomoq fairy tale ertek "
obon melody saz "
ır song än "
ırda- sing än ayt- "
manja finger sawsaq "
uy cow sıyır "
çaqa (dial. çelek) bucket şelek bucket
apta (dial.) week apta week
çöntök pocket qalta pocket
uq- listen, hear esit- hear
uq- listen, hear tıŋda- listen
bastıq boss
izilde- research zerte- research
kiyinki next, following kelesi next, following
jooluq scarf oralma headscarf
toqoy forest orman forest
qarma- hold usta- hold

Words where cognate's form is different

Kyrgyz Kazakh
word gloss word gloss
ayıl village awıl village
iş/jumuş qıl- to work jumıs iste- to work
tiyeşelüü concerning tiyisti concerning
qatıstı related to
(bir) tuulğan relative tuwıs relative
erteŋ menen morning taŋ-erteŋ morning

Cognates where default variant is different

Kyrgyz Kazakh
word gloss word gloss
aqısız, tegin free (of cost) tegin, aqısız "
jardam, kömök help, aid, assistance kömek, jardam "
jönöt-, jiber- send jiber-, jönet-, jolda- "
jaqında near jaqında, juwıqta "
jaq- to be pleasing to jaq-, una- "
joluq-, kesdeş- to meet (with) kesdes- "
daraq, baq tree ağaş, daraq "
köp often jiyi "
şaar city qala, şahar (dial.) "
jılmay- smile kül-, jımıy- "

Cognates with different vowel harmony

Kyrgyz Kazakh
word gloss word gloss
maani meaning mağına, män meaning
miŋ 1000 mıŋ 1000
münöz person's character minez person's character
maalımat information mälimet, mağlumat infomration
aalam ~world ğalam, älem world
salam greeting sälem greeting
raqmat thanks raqmet thanks

Uncategorised

  • Kazakh jüye - system
  • basqı, başqı
  • Kazakh mülde
  • Kyrgyz ayabay
  • Kazakh saw bol-
  • Kazakh abay bol-, Kyrgyz etiyet bol-
  • Kyrgyz qamsız qıl-
  • Kyrgyz jaşoo
  • qarın/qursaq
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