Lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz

This is here mainly to quantify lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz. For sound correspondence issues, see Turkic sound changes and Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are.

False friends A

(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably unrelated)

Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
tamaşa	a joke	tamaşa	perfect
zaŋ	shit	zaŋ	law
saz	swamp	saz	melody

False friends B

(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably related)

Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
arman	a regret, a sorrow	arman	dream / a wish for something to come
eje	mother	äje	grandmother
apa	mother	apa	older female
juma	friday, week	juma	friday (, dial. week)
jönököy	simply	jönekey	?
jay	slow	jay	slow, simple, quiet
tamga	letter	taŋba	~sign, tamga
jığaç	wood	ağaş	tree, wood
baq	tree	baq	garden
tuura	correct, straight	tuwra	straight
durus		durıs	correct
aruu		arıw	beautiful girls
qalta	~cloth/sack for carrying something	qalta	pocket
uq-	listen	uq-	~understand
şaş-	hurry	sas-	be panicked (about)
oromo	a wrapped steamed ~dumpling	oralma	headscarf
qarma-	hold	qarma-	catch
ata	father	ata	grandfather

Words where cognate doesn't exist

(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)

Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
üy bülö	family	otbası	family
ooba	yes	iyä	yes
ıya?	huh?
tataal	complicated/complex	keşendi	complicated/complex
qotor-	translate, convert	awdar-	translate, convert
emerek	furniture	jıyhaz	furniture
je	or	nemese	or
daroo	immediately	birden	"
qoqus(tan)	suddenly	?
ayant	[city] square	alaŋ	"
?		şomalda-	to bathe
qooz	pleasant to look at (not person)	?
mıyzam	law	zaŋ	"
unaa	means of transportation	kölik	"
ele	(many uses)	—
da	(mood marker)	—
jomoq	fairy tale	ertek	"
obon	melody	saz	"
ır	song	än	"
ırda-	sing	än ayt-	"
manja	finger	sawsaq	"
uy	cow	sıyır	"
çaqa (dial. çelek)	bucket	şelek	bucket
apta (dial.)	week	apta	week
çöntök	pocket	qalta	pocket
uq-	listen, hear	esit-	hear
uq-	listen, hear	tıŋda-	listen
		bastıq	boss
izilde-	research	zerte-	research
kiyinki	next, following	kelesi	next, following
jooluq	scarf	oralma	headscarf
toqoy	forest	orman	forest
qarma-	hold	usta-	hold

Words where cognate's form is different

Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
ayıl	village	awıl	village
iş/jumuş qıl-	to work	jumıs iste-	to work
tiyeşelüü	concerning	tiyisti	concerning
		qatıstı	related to
(bir) tuulğan	relative	tuwıs	relative
erteŋ menen	morning	taŋ-erteŋ	morning

Cognates where default variant is different

Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
aqısız, tegin	free (of cost)	tegin, aqısız	"
jardam, kömök	help, aid, assistance	kömek, jardam	"
jönöt-, jiber-	send	jiber-, jönet-, jolda-	"
jaqında	near	jaqında, juwıqta	"
jaq-	to be pleasing to	jaq-, una-	"
joluq-, kesdeş-	to meet (with)	kesdes-	"
daraq, baq	tree	ağaş, daraq	"
köp	often	jiyi	"
şaar	city	qala, şahar (dial.)	"
jılmay-	smile	kül-, jımıy-	"

Cognates with different vowel harmony

Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
maani	meaning	mağına, män	meaning
miŋ	1000	mıŋ	1000
münöz	person's character	minez	person's character
maalımat	information	mälimet, mağlumat	infomration
aalam	~world	ğalam, älem	world
salam	greeting	sälem	greeting
raqmat	thanks	raqmet	thanks

Uncategorised

• Kazakh jüye - system
• basqı, başqı
• Kazakh mülde
• Kyrgyz ayabay
• Kazakh saw bol-
• Kazakh abay bol-, Kyrgyz etiyet bol-
• Kyrgyz qamsız qıl-
• Kyrgyz jaşoo
• qarın/qursaq
• Kazakh adis, Kyrgyz maman