Lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:06, 14 January 2009

This is here mainly to quantify lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz. For sound correspondence issues, see Turkic sound changes and Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are.

(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably unrelated)

(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably related)


Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
arman	a regret, a sorrow	arman	dream / a wish for something to come
eje	mother	äje	grandmother
apa	mother	apa	older female [relative]
juma	friday, week	juma	friday (, dial. week)
jönököy	simple	jönekey	?
jay	slow	jay	slow, simple, quiet
tamga	letter (of alphabet)	taŋba	~sign, tamga
jığaç	wood	ağaş	tree, wood
baq	tree	baq	garden
tuura	correct, straight	tuwra	straight
durus	?	durıs	correct
aruu	~pure (adj.)	arıw	beautiful girl (n.)
qalta	~cloth/sack for carrying something	qalta	pocket
uq-	listen	uq-	~understand
şaş-	hurry	sas-	be panicked (about)
oromo	a wrapped steamed ~dumpling	oralma	headscarf
qarma-	hold	qarma-	catch
ata	father	ata	grandfather
qabırğa	rib(s)	qabırğa	wall
qalempir	pepper	qalampır	clove(s)
qaalağan	any	qalağan	that's wanted
kez kelgen	that's turn/time has come (?)	kez kelgen	any
tuu-	to bear child (animal)	tuw-	to bear child (general/human)

(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)


Kyrgyz		Kazakh
word	gloss	word	gloss
üy bülö	family	otbası	family
ooba	yes	iyä	yes
ıya?	huh?
tataal	complicated/complex	keşendi	complicated/complex
qotor-	translate, convert	awdar-	translate, convert
emerek	furniture	jıyhaz	furniture
je	or	nemese	or
daroo	immediately	birden	"
qoqus(tan)	suddenly	?
ayant	[city] square	alaŋ	"
?		şomalda-	to bathe
qooz	pleasant to look at (not person)	?
mıyzam	law	zaŋ	"
unaa	means of transportation	kölik	"
ele	(many uses)	—
da	(mood marker)	—
jomoq	fairy tale	ertek	"
obon	melody	saz	"
ır	song	än	"
ırda-	sing	än ayt-	"
manja	finger	sawsaq	"
uy	cow	sıyır	"
çaqa (dial. çelek)	bucket	şelek	bucket
apta (dial.)	week	apta	week
çöntök	pocket	qalta	pocket
uq-	listen, hear	esit-	hear
uq-	listen, hear	tıŋda-	listen
		bastıq	boss
izilde-	research	zerte-	research
kiyinki	next, following	kelesi	next, following
jooluq	scarf	oralma	headscarf
toqoy	forest	orman	forest
qarma-	hold	usta-	hold
dubal	wall	qabırğa	wall
çağılğan	lightning	nayzağay	lightning
çoŋ	big	ülken	big
çoğuu	together	birge	together
tör-	to bear child (human)	tuw-	to bear child
jaşılça	vegetable(s)	kökinis	vegetable(s)

(or where only part of cognate is the same; cognate pieces underlined)

@@ Line 163: / Line 163: @@
 |-
 | '''jaşılça''' || vegetable(s) || '''kökinis''' || vegetable(s)
-|-
-| '''teskeriçe''' || backwards, other way around || '''kerisinşe''' || backwards, other way around
 |}
 === Words where cognate's form is different ===
+(or where only part of cognate is the same; cognate pieces underlined)
 {|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center";
 |+
@@ Line 177: / Line 177: @@
 | ayıl || village || awıl || village
 |-
-| iş/jumuş qıl- || to work || jumıs iste- || to work
+| <u>iş</u>/<u>jumuş</u> qıl- || to work || <u>jumıs</u> <u>is</u>te- || to work
 |-
-| tiyeşelüü || concerning || tiyisti || concerning
+| <u>tiyeş</u>elüü || concerning || <u>tiyis</u>ti || concerning
 |-
 |  || || qatıstı || related to
 |-
-| (bir) tuulğan || relative || tuwıs || relative
+| (bir) <u>tuu</u>lğan || relative || <u>tuw</u>ıs || relative
+|-
+| <u>erteŋ</u> menen || morning || taŋ-<u>erteŋ</u> || morning
 |-
-| erteŋ menen || morning || taŋ-erteŋ || morning
+| <u>etiş</u> || verb || <u>etis</u>tik || verb
 |-
-| etiş || verb || etistik || verb
+| <u>zat</u> atooç || noun || <u>zat</u> esim || noun
 |-
-| zat atooç || noun || zat esim || noun
+| <u>kiç</u>inekey || little || <u>kiş</u>kentay || little
 |-
-| kiçinekey || little || kişkentay || little
+| tes<u>keriçe</u>''' || backwards, other way around || <u>keri</u>sin<u>şe</u> || backwards, other way around
 |}