Lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz: Difference between revisions
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| tuu- || to bear child (animal) || tuw- || to bear child (general/human) | | tuu- || to bear child (animal) || tuw- || to bear child (general/human) | ||
|- | |||
| alp || big, strong; giant (adj.), huge || alıp || hero, giant (n.); big, strong | |||
|- | |||
| döö || cyclops, monster || däw || huge (slang) | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 03:49, 23 January 2009
This is here mainly to quantify lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz. For sound correspondence issues, see Turkic sound changes and Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are.
False friends A
(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably unrelated)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
tamaşa | a joke | tamaşa | perfect |
zaŋ | shit | zaŋ | law |
saz | swamp | saz | melody |
ıya | huh? | iyä | yes |
False friends B
(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably related)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
arman | a regret, a sorrow | arman | dream / a wish for something to come |
eje | mother | äje | grandmother |
apa | mother | apa | older female [relative] |
juma | friday, week | juma | friday (, dial. week) |
jönököy | simple | jönekey | ? |
jay | slow | jay | slow, simple, quiet |
tamga | letter (of alphabet) | taŋba | ~sign, tamga |
jığaç | wood | ağaş | tree, wood |
baq | tree | baq | garden |
tuura | correct, straight | tuwra | straight |
durus | ? | durıs | correct |
aruu | ~pure (adj.) | arıw | beautiful girl (n.) |
qalta | ~cloth/sack for carrying something | qalta | |
uq- | listen | uq- | ~understand |
şaş- | hurry | sas- | be panicked (about) |
oromo | a wrapped steamed ~dumpling | oralma | headscarf |
qarma- | hold | qarma- | catch |
ata | father | ata | grandfather |
qabırğa | rib(s) | qabırğa | wall |
qalempir | pepper | qalampır | clove(s) |
qaalağan | any | qalağan | that's wanted |
kez kelgen | that's turn/time has come (?) | kez kelgen | any |
tuu- | to bear child (animal) | tuw- | to bear child (general/human) |
alp | big, strong; giant (adj.), huge | alıp | hero, giant (n.); big, strong |
döö | cyclops, monster | däw | huge (slang) |
Words where cognate doesn't exist
(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
üy bülö | family | otbası | family |
ooba | yes | iyä | yes |
ıya? | huh? | ||
tataal | complicated/complex | keşendi | complicated/complex |
qotor- | translate, convert | awdar- | translate, convert |
emerek | furniture | jıyhaz | furniture |
je | or | nemese | or |
daroo | immediately | birden | " |
qoqus(tan) | suddenly | ? | |
ayant | [city] square | alaŋ | " |
? | şomalda- | to bathe | |
qooz | pleasant to look at (not person) | ? | |
mıyzam | law | zaŋ | " |
unaa | means of transportation | kölik | " |
ele | (many uses) | — | |
da | (mood marker) | — | |
jomoq | fairy tale | ertek | " |
obon | melody | saz | " |
ır | song | än | " |
ırda- | sing | än ayt- | " |
manja | finger | sawsaq | " |
uy | cow | sıyır | " |
çaqa (dial. çelek) | bucket | şelek | bucket |
apta (dial.) | week | apta | week |
çöntök | qalta | ||
uq- | listen, hear | esit- | hear |
uq- | listen, hear | tıŋda- | listen |
bastıq | boss | ||
izilde- | research | zerte- | research |
kiyinki | next, following | kelesi | next, following |
jooluq | scarf | oralma | headscarf |
toqoy | forest | orman | forest |
qarma- | hold | usta- | hold |
dubal | wall | qabırğa | wall |
çağılğan | lightning | nayzağay | lightning |
çoŋ | big | ülken | big |
çoğuu | together | birge | together |
tör- | to bear child (human) | tuw- | to bear child |
jaşılça | vegetable(s) | kökinis | vegetable(s) |
belek | gift | sıylıq | gift |
şüüdürüm | dew | şıq | dew |
tilekke qarşı | unfortunately | ökinişke oray | unfortunately |
ün alğıç | radio | ||
sın alğıç | television | teledıydar | television |
Words where cognate's form is different
(or where only part of cognate is the same; cognate pieces underlined)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
ayıl | village | awıl | village |
iş/jumuş qıl- | to work | jumıs iste- | to work |
tiyeşelüü | concerning | tiyisti | concerning |
qatıstı | related to | ||
(bir) tuulğan | relative | tuwıs | relative |
erteŋ menen | morning | taŋ-erteŋ | morning |
etiş | verb | etistik | verb |
zat atooç | noun | zat esim | noun |
kiçinekey | little | kişkentay | little |
teskeriçe | backwards, other way around | kerisinşe | backwards, other way around |
Cognates where default variant is different
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
aqısız, tegin | free (of cost) | tegin, aqısız | " |
jardam, kömök | help, aid, assistance | kömek, jardam | " |
jönöt-, jiber- | send | jiber-, jönet-, jolda- | " |
jaqında | near | jaqında, juwıqta | " |
jaq- | to be pleasing to | jaq-, una- | " |
joluq-, kesdeş- | to meet (with) | kesdes- | " |
daraq, baq | tree | ağaş, daraq | " |
köp | often | jiyi | " |
şaar | city | qala, şahar (dial.) | " |
jılmay- | smile | kül-, jımıy- | " |
muzdaq | cold (beverage) | muzdaq, muzday (dial.), salqın | " |
bat, tez, ıldam, baçım, qatuu | "fast" | tez, jıldam | " |
Cognates with different vowel harmony
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
maani | meaning | mağına, män | meaning |
maalımat | information | mälimet, mağlumat | infomration |
aalam | ~world | ğalam, älem | world |
baarı | all | bäri | all |
salam | a greeting | sälem | a greeting |
jana | and | jäne | and |
raqmat | thanks | raqmet | thanks |
urmat | respect | qurmet | respect |
qata | mistake | qate | mistake |
qalempir | pepper | qalampır | clove(s) |
azır | now | qazir, äzir | now |
misalı | an example | mısalı | an example |
kitep | book | kitap | book |
miŋ | 1000 | mıŋ | 1000 |
idiş | dish | ıdıs | plate |
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
jıldız | star | juldız | star |
mında/y | here / like this | munda/y | here / like this |
büt- | to finish (v.i.) | bit- | to finish (v.i.) |
münöz | person's character | minez | person's character |
tobokel | risk (n.) | täwekel | risk (n.) |
Uncategorised
- Kazakh jüye - system
- basqı, başqı
- Kazakh mülde
- Kyrgyz ayabay
- Kazakh saw bol-
- Kazakh abay bol-, Kyrgyz etiyet bol-
- Kyrgyz qamsız qıl-
- Kyrgyz jaşoo
- qarın/qursaq
- Kazakh adis, Kyrgyz maman
- Kazakh mätin
- Kazakh amal joq, Kyrgyz ayla joq
- mıq/jügir?
- Turkic sound changes#Scratch