Difference between revisions of "Lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz"
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* Kyrgyz jaşoo | * Kyrgyz jaşoo | ||
* qarın/qursaq | * qarın/qursaq | ||
− | * Kazakh | + | * Kyrgyz adis 'specialty, specialist', Kazakh mamandıq 'specialty', maman 'specialist', ädis ?'specialty' |
* Kazakh mätin | * Kazakh mätin | ||
* Kazakh amal joq, Kyrgyz ayla joq | * Kazakh amal joq, Kyrgyz ayla joq | ||
* mıq/jügir? | * mıq/jügir? | ||
− | * Kyrgyz mint-/mınt<sup>i</sup>-, ant<sup>i</sup>-, oşent-, qant<sup>i</sup>-, tigint-; Kazakh söyt-, qayt<sup>i</sup>- | + | * Kyrgyz mint-/mınt<sup>i</sup>-, ant<sup>i</sup>- (antkeni), oşent-, qant<sup>i</sup>-, tigint-; Kazakh öyt- (öytkeni), söyt-, qayt<sup>i</sup>- |
* Kyrgyz tigi | * Kyrgyz tigi | ||
* Kazakh/Kyrgyz <s>jolı</s>/jolu, ret/iret | * Kazakh/Kyrgyz <s>jolı</s>/jolu, ret/iret | ||
* Kazakh lıpıl | * Kazakh lıpıl | ||
+ | * Kyrgyz qıtığıla- / Kazakh qıtıqta- | ||
* [[Turkic sound changes#Scratch]] | * [[Turkic sound changes#Scratch]] | ||
* [[Kazakh a~ɯ problem]] | * [[Kazakh a~ɯ problem]] |
Revision as of 17:29, 25 January 2009
The orthography used to represent Turkic languages on this page is a phonemic system based on Turkish orthography. |
This is here mainly to quantify lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz.
For further information on sound correspondence issues, see Turkic sound changes and Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are.
Contents
False friends A
(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably unrelated)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
tamaşa | a joke | tamaşa | perfect |
zaŋ | shit | zaŋ | law |
saz | swamp | saz | melody |
ıya | huh? | iyä | yes |
say- | to plug in, stab, inject, stick in, fuck | sayıs- | to compete |
False friends B
(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably related)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
arman | a regret, a sorrow | arman | dream / a wish for something to come |
eje | mother | äje | grandmother |
apa | mother | apa | older female [relative] |
juma | friday, week | juma | friday (, dial. week) |
jönököy | simple | jönekey | ? |
jön | simply | jön | normal?, correct? |
jay | slow | jay | slow, simple, quiet |
tamga | letter (of alphabet) | taŋba | ~sign, tamga |
jığaç | wood | ağaş | tree, wood |
baq | tree | baq | garden |
tuura | correct, straight | tuwra | straight |
durus | ? | durıs | correct |
aruu | ~pure (adj.) | arıw | beautiful girl (n.) |
qalta | ~cloth/sack for carrying something | qalta | |
uq- | listen | uq- | ~understand |
şaş- | hurry | sas- | be panicked (about) |
oromo | a wrapped steamed ~dumpling | oralma | headscarf |
orol- | to be wrapped | oral- | return, ..? |
qarma- | hold | qarma- | catch |
ata | father | ata | grandfather |
qabırğa | rib(s) | qabırğa | wall |
qalempir | pepper | qalampır | clove(s) |
qaalağan | any | qalağan | that's wanted |
kez kelgen | that's turn/time has come (?) | kez kelgen | any |
tuu- | to bear child (animal) | tuw- | to bear child (general/human) |
alp | big, strong; giant (adj.), huge | alıp | hero, giant (n.); big, strong |
döö | cyclops, monster | däw | huge (slang) |
Words where cognate doesn't exist
(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
üy bülö | family | otbası | family |
ooba | yes | iyä | yes |
ıya? | huh? | ||
tataal | complicated/complex | keşendi | complicated/complex |
qotor- | translate, convert | awdar- | translate, convert |
emerek | furniture | jıyhaz | furniture |
je | or | nemese | or |
daroo | immediately | birden | " |
qoqus(tan) | suddenly | ? | |
ayant | [city] square | alaŋ | " |
? | şomalda- | to bathe | |
qooz | pleasant to look at (not person) | ? | |
mıyzam | law | zaŋ | " |
unaa | means of transportation | kölik | " |
ele | (many uses) | — | |
da | (mood marker) | — | |
jomoq | fairy tale | ertek | " |
obon | melody | saz | " |
ır | song | än | " |
ırda- | sing | än ayt- | " |
manja | finger | sawsaq | " |
uy | cow | sıyır | " |
çaqa (dial. çelek) | bucket | şelek | bucket |
apta (dial.) | week | apta | week |
çöntök | qalta | ||
uq- | listen, hear | esit- | hear |
uq- | listen, hear | tıŋda- | listen |
bastıq | boss | ||
izilde- | research | zerte- | research |
kiyinki | next, following | kelesi | next, following |
jooluq | scarf | oralma | headscarf |
toqoy | forest | orman | forest |
qarma- | hold | usta- | hold |
dubal | wall | qabırğa | wall |
çağılğan | lightning | nayzağay | lightning |
çoŋ | big | ülken | big |
çoğuu | together | birge | together |
tör- | to bear child (human) | tuw- | to bear child |
jaşılça | vegetable(s) | kökinis | vegetable(s) |
belek | gift | sıylıq | gift |
şüüdürüm | dew | şıq | dew |
tilekke qarşı | unfortunately | ökinişke oray | unfortunately |
ün alğıç | radio | ||
sın alğıç | television | teledıydar | television |
qaarman | hero, character | keyipker | character |
munay | [earth] oil | ||
köp | often | jiyi, ılğıy | often |
tap-taqır | completely | mülde, tipten | completely |
mayram | celebration, holiday | mereke, mayram | celebration, holiday |
qılım | century | ğasır | century |
Words where cognate's form is different
(or where only part of cognate is the same; cognate pieces underlined)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
ayıl | village | awıl | village |
iş/jumuş qıl- | to work | jumıs iste- | to work |
tiyeşelüü | concerning | tiyisti | concerning |
qatıstı | related to | ||
(bir) tuulğan | relative | tuwıs | relative |
erteŋ menen | morning | taŋ-erteŋ | morning |
etiş | verb | etistik | verb |
zat atooç | noun | zat esim | noun |
kiçinekey | little | kişkentay | little |
teskeriçe | backwards, other way around | kerisinşe | backwards, other way around |
tıyın çıçqan | squirrel | tiyin | squirrel |
Cognates where default variant is different
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
aqısız, tegin | free (of cost) | tegin, aqısız | " |
jardam, kömök | help, aid, assistance | kömek, jardam | " |
jönöt-, jiber- | send | jiber-, jönet-, jolda- | " |
jaqında | near | jaqında, juwıqta | " |
jaq- | to be pleasing to | jaq-, una- | " |
joluq-, kesdeş- | to meet (with) | kesdes- | " |
daraq, baq | tree | ağaş, daraq | " |
şaar | city | qala, şahar (dial.) | " |
jılmay- | smile | kül-, jımıy- | " |
muzdaq | cold (beverage) | muzdaq, muzday (dial.), salqın | " |
bat, tez, ıldam, baçım, qatuu | "fast" | tez, jıldam | " |
taqır | completely, bald | taqır | bald |
tap-taqır, müldö, tipti | completely, totally | mülde, tipti, tipten | " |
Cognates with different vowel harmony
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
maani | meaning | mağına, män | meaning |
maalımat | information | mälimet, mağlumat | infomration |
aalam | ~world | ğalam, älem | world |
baarı | all | bäri | all |
salam | a greeting | sälem | a greeting |
jana | and | jäne | and |
araket | attempt, try (~n.) | äreket | attempt, try (~n.) |
raqmat | thanks | raqmet | thanks |
urmat | respect | qurmet | respect |
qata | mistake | qate | mistake |
mayram | celebration | meyram | celebration |
qalempir | pepper | qalampır | clove(s) |
azır | now | qazir, äzir | now |
misalı | an example | mısalı | an example |
kitep | book | kitap | book |
miŋ | 1000 | mıŋ | 1000 |
idiş | dish | ıdıs | plate |
tıyın çıçqan | squirrel | tiyin | squirrel |
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
jıldız | star | juldız | star |
mında/y | here / like this | munda/y | here / like this |
büt- | to finish (v.i.) | bit- | to finish (v.i.) |
münöz | person's character | minez | person's character |
tobokel | risk (n.) | täwekel | risk (n.) |
Uncategorised
- Kazakh jüye - system
- basqı, başqı
- Kazakh mülde
- Kyrgyz ayabay
- Kazakh saw bol-
- Kazakh abay bol-, Kyrgyz etiyet bol-
- Kyrgyz qamsız qıl-
- Kyrgyz jaşoo
- qarın/qursaq
- Kyrgyz adis 'specialty, specialist', Kazakh mamandıq 'specialty', maman 'specialist', ädis ?'specialty'
- Kazakh mätin
- Kazakh amal joq, Kyrgyz ayla joq
- mıq/jügir?
- Kyrgyz mint-/mınti-, anti- (antkeni), oşent-, qanti-, tigint-; Kazakh öyt- (öytkeni), söyt-, qayti-
- Kyrgyz tigi
- Kazakh/Kyrgyz
jolı/jolu, ret/iret - Kazakh lıpıl
- Kyrgyz qıtığıla- / Kazakh qıtıqta-
- Turkic sound changes#Scratch
- Kazakh a~ɯ problem
- Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are