Non-productive morphemes in Turkic: Difference between revisions
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Firespeaker (talk | contribs) →-A (N→V): -sIz → -sIrA |
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== -A (N→V) == | == -A (N→V) == | ||
* '''boş''' - empty; '''boşo-''' - to empty (v.i.) | * '''boş''' - empty, free (space, time); '''boşo-''' - to empty, become free (v.i.) | ||
* '''at''' - name; '''ata-''' - to call/name (v.t.) | * '''at''' - name; '''ata-''' - to call/name (v.t.) | ||
* '''san''' - number; '''sana-''' - to count/enumerate (v.t.) | * '''san''' - number; '''sana-''' - to count/enumerate (v.t.) | ||
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* '''sın''' - criticism; '''sına-''' - to criticise, evaluate (v.t.) | * '''sın''' - criticism; '''sına-''' - to criticise, evaluate (v.t.) | ||
* '''qıŋğır''' - jingling, ringing; '''qıŋğıra-''' - to jingle, ring (v.i.) | * '''qıŋğır''' - jingling, ringing; '''qıŋğıra-''' - to jingle, ring (v.i.) | ||
* '''qıyın''' - difficult; '''qıyna-''' - to be difficult (v.i.) ~ to torment (v.t.) | * '''qıyın''' - difficult; '''qıyna-''' - to be difficult (v.i.) ~ to torment? (v.t.) | ||
* '''til''' - tongue; '''tile-''' - to wish | * '''til''' - tongue; '''tile-''' - to wish | ||
* '''orın''' - place/location; '''orna-''' - to be located | * '''orın''' - place/location; '''orna-''' - to be located | ||
* '''qan''' - blood; '''qana-''' - to bleed? (v.t.) | |||
=== -sIz → -sIrA === | === -sIz → -sIrA === | ||
* '''alsız''' - weak; '''alsıra-''' - to weaken (v.i.) | * '''alsız''' - weak; '''alsıra-''' - to weaken (v.i.) | ||
Revision as of 04:03, 23 March 2009
-A (N→V)
- boş - empty, free (space, time); boşo- - to empty, become free (v.i.)
- at - name; ata- - to call/name (v.t.)
- san - number; sana- - to count/enumerate (v.t.)
- jaş - age (n.) / young; jaşa- - to live (v.i.)
- aş - food; aşa- - to eat by stuffing food into mouth from hands (one's own or other's)
- sın - criticism; sına- - to criticise, evaluate (v.t.)
- qıŋğır - jingling, ringing; qıŋğıra- - to jingle, ring (v.i.)
- qıyın - difficult; qıyna- - to be difficult (v.i.) ~ to torment? (v.t.)
- til - tongue; tile- - to wish
- orın - place/location; orna- - to be located
- qan - blood; qana- - to bleed? (v.t.)
-sIz → -sIrA
- alsız - weak; alsıra- - to weaken (v.i.)
- Uzbek yog‘ - oil; yog‘sira- - to unoil(?)
-Ay (N→V)
- az - little (in quantity); azay- - to lessen (v.i.)
- çoŋ - big; çoŋoy- - to grow (v.i.)
- köp - a lot; köböy- - to increase in quantity (v.i.)
- keŋ - wide; keŋey- - to get wide (v.i.)
- qıyşıq - crooked; qıyşay- - to get crooked (v.i.)
- joon - thick (of cylindrical things); joonoy- - to thicken (??)
r/z alternations
- köz - eye; kör- - see
- semiz - fat (adj.); semir- - to get fat
∅ (X↔V?)
- köp - a lot; köp- - to swell, get big (in volume, not mass), rise (of dough)
- toŋ - frozen ground(?); toŋ- - to freeze (v.i.)
- qızıq - interesting (adj.); qızıq- - to be interested by (v.i.?)
-Ar (N→V)
- suu - water; suğar- - to water (v.t.)
- jaş - age (n.) / young; jaşar- - to get/look younger
- qısqa - short; qısqar- - to shorten
Other Alternations
??? qız - girl / qızıl - red / qızı- - to blush / qızar- - to blush
Irregular forms
- Kyrgz/Kazakh bala → baldar
- Sakha kııs → kıırkıttar
-KArI
keri means something like "backside side" or "reverse" or something...
- teskeri - backwards ← ters - opposite
- tışqarı - aside from, outside of ← tış - outside
