Difference between revisions of "Kyrgyz phrasal verbs"
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There are, however, a few V + V combinations which can be interpreted (and certainly translated) as if they are behaving as a single verb. | There are, however, a few V + V combinations which can be interpreted (and certainly translated) as if they are behaving as a single verb. | ||
| − | * алып кел- < ал- {{eng|take}} + кел- {{eng|come}} = bring | + | * алып кел- < ал- {{eng|take}} + кел- {{eng|come}} = "bring" |
| − | * алып бар- < ал- {{eng|take}} + бар- {{eng|go (+dest)}} = take / bring (over) | + | * алып бар- < ал- {{eng|take}} + бар- {{eng|go (+dest)}} = "take / bring (over)" |
| − | * алып кет- < ал- {{eng|take}} + кет- {{eng|leave}} = take away | + | * алып кет- < ал- {{eng|take}} + кет- {{eng|leave}} = "take away" |
| − | * алып жүр- < ал- {{eng|take}} + жүр- {{eng|go}} = carry (in some contexts) | + | * алып жүр- < ал- {{eng|take}} + жүр- {{eng|go}} = "carry (in some contexts)" |
Some of these have abbreviated forms in speech:¹ | Some of these have abbreviated forms in speech:¹ | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
¹ In Kazakh, the forms әкел-, апар-, and әкет- are the standard written forms of these words, and only in very high registers are they written as two separate verbs. | ¹ In Kazakh, the forms әкел-, апар-, and әкет- are the standard written forms of these words, and only in very high registers are they written as two separate verbs. | ||
| + | |||
| + | There are some other verbs | ||
| + | * басып чыгар- < бас- {{eng|press}} + чыгар- {{eng|make come out}} = "print (out)" | ||
=== V1 + V2 with V2's valency === | === V1 + V2 with V2's valency === | ||
Revision as of 01:08, 22 December 2011
Contents
V + V
There are many cases in Kyrgyz where two (or more) verbs occur in a sequence. Usually this is in combinations where there's a sequence of events (each one represented by a verb) or additional aspectual or mood information being added to an event (where a second verb is an auxiliary conveying that aspectual/mood information).
V + V as a single verb
There are, however, a few V + V combinations which can be interpreted (and certainly translated) as if they are behaving as a single verb.
- алып кел- < ал- ‘take’ + кел- ‘come’ = "bring"
- алып бар- < ал- ‘take’ + бар- ‘go (+dest)’ = "take / bring (over)"
- алып кет- < ал- ‘take’ + кет- ‘leave’ = "take away"
- алып жүр- < ал- ‘take’ + жүр- ‘go’ = "carry (in some contexts)"
Some of these have abbreviated forms in speech:¹
- апкел- = алып кел-
- апар- = алып бар-
¹ In Kazakh, the forms әкел-, апар-, and әкет- are the standard written forms of these words, and only in very high registers are they written as two separate verbs.
There are some other verbs
- басып чыгар- < бас- ‘press’ + чыгар- ‘make come out’ = "print (out)"
V1 + V2 with V2's valency
In most instances of V1 + V2 (+ V3, etc.), the main verb is V1 and the valency of the compound verb is that of V1. However, in some [rather rare] scenarios, V2 is treated as the main verb and the valency of the compound verb is that of V2.
FIXME: example
N + V
N with possessive morphology
N is subject
- башты/башымды/жүрөктү/жүрөгүмдү айлант-
N is object
- ичим айлан
N is in other cases
- турмушка чык
N without possessive morphology
Other
- кус+ку
