Monosyllabic Turkic stems

Some monosyllabic Turkic verb stems are avoided in certain modern languages, though derived forms exist.

Old Turkic	gloss	modern forms	other cognates
boğ-	choke, strangle	(kir) muunt-	Mong. *boğu- (?)
ay-	say	(kir, kaz) ayt-
kay-	return	(kir, kaz) qayt-
baː-	tie	(kir, kaz) bayla- (kir) boo / (kaz) baw (n.)
saq-	think → miss	(kir, kaz) sağın-
yüd-	load	(kir) jüktö-, (uzb) yukla-, ... (←yü-k+LA)
ud-	sleep	(kir) uqta-, (kaz) uyıqta- (← ud-ıq-LA)
u-	(not) be able to?
qo-	put		merged with qoy-
sı-	break	(kaz/kir) sın(-dır)-

Some other underived forms that were lost:

• köti- "be lifted" → kötir-(kaz), kötür-(kir) "lift"