Lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz
From FirespeakerWiki
This is here mainly to quantify lexical differences between Kazakh and Kyrgyz. For sound correspondence issues, see Turkic sound changes and Turkic words that shouldn't be as they are.
False friends A
(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably unrelated)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
tamaşa | a joke | tamaşa | perfect |
zaŋ | shit | zaŋ | law |
saz | swamp | saz | melody |
False friends B
(Words that look/sound similar, but meaning different - probably related)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
arman | a regret, a sorrow | arman | dream / a wish for something to come |
eje | mother | äje | grandmother |
apa | mother | apa | older female |
juma | friday, week | juma | friday (, dial. week) |
jönököy | simply | jönekey | ? |
jay | slow | jay | slow, simple, quiet |
tamga | letter | taŋba | ~sign, tamga |
jığaç | wood | ağaş | tree, wood |
baq | tree | baq | garden |
tuura | correct, straight | tuwra | straight |
durus | durıs | correct | |
aruu | arıw | beautiful girls | |
qalta | ~cloth/sack for carrying something | qalta | |
uq- | listen | uq- | ~understand |
şaş- | hurry | sas- | be panicked (about) |
oromo | a wrapped steamed ~dumpling | oralma | headscarf |
qarma- | hold | qarma- | catch |
ata | father | ata | grandfather |
Words where cognate doesn't exist
(bold = word doesn't exist as cognate; every line should have at least one bolded word)
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
üy bülö | family | otbası | family |
ooba | yes | iyä | yes |
ıya? | huh? | ||
tataal | complicated/complex | keşendi | complicated/complex |
qotor- | translate, convert | awdar- | translate, convert |
emerek | furniture | jıyhaz | furniture |
je | or | nemese | or |
daroo | immediately | birden | " |
qoqus(tan) | suddenly | ? | |
ayant | [city] square | alaŋ | " |
? | şomalda- | to bathe | |
qooz | pleasant to look at (not person) | ? | |
mıyzam | law | zaŋ | " |
unaa | means of transportation | kölik | " |
ele | (many uses) | — | |
da | (mood marker) | — | |
jomoq | fairy tale | ertek | " |
obon | melody | saz | " |
ır | song | än | " |
ırda- | sing | än ayt- | " |
manja | finger | sawsaq | " |
uy | cow | sıyır | " |
çaqa (dial. çelek) | bucket | şelek | bucket |
apta (dial.) | week | apta | week |
çöntök | qalta | ||
uq- | listen, hear | esit- | hear |
uq- | listen, hear | tıŋda- | listen |
bastıq | boss | ||
izilde- | research | zerte- | research |
kiyinki | next, following | kelesi | next, following |
jooluq | scarf | oralma | headscarf |
toqoy | forest | orman | forest |
qarma- | hold | usta- | hold |
Words where cognate's form is different
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
ayıl | village | awıl | village |
iş/jumuş qıl- | to work | jumıs iste- | to work |
tiyeşelüü | concerning | tiyisti | concerning |
qatıstı | related to | ||
(bir) tuulğan | relative | tuwıs | relative |
erteŋ menen | morning | taŋ-erteŋ | morning |
Cognates where default variant is different
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
aqısız, tegin | free (of cost) | tegin, aqısız | " |
jardam, kömök | help, aid, assistance | kömek, jardam | " |
jönöt-, jiber- | send | jiber-, jönet-, jolda- | " |
jaqında | near | jaqında, juwıqta | " |
jaq- | to be pleasing to | jaq-, una- | " |
joluq-, kesdeş- | to meet (with) | kesdes- | " |
daraq, baq | tree | ağaş, daraq | " |
köp | often | jiyi | " |
şaar | city | qala, şahar (dial.) | " |
jılmay- | smile | kül-, jımıy- | " |
Cognates with different vowel harmony
Kyrgyz | Kazakh | ||
---|---|---|---|
word | gloss | word | gloss |
maani | meaning | mağına, män | meaning |
miŋ | 1000 | mıŋ | 1000 |
münöz | person's character | minez | person's character |
maalımat | information | mälimet, mağlumat | infomration |
aalam | ~world | ğalam, älem | world |
salam | greeting | sälem | greeting |
raqmat | thanks | raqmet | thanks |
Uncategorised
- Kazakh jüye - system
- basqı, başqı
- Kazakh mülde
- Kyrgyz ayabay
- Kazakh saw bol-
- Kazakh abay bol-, Kyrgyz etiyet bol-
- Kyrgyz qamsız qıl-
- Kyrgyz jaşoo
- qarın/qursaq
- Kazakh adis, Kyrgyz maman