Kyrgyz phrasal verbs
Contents
V + V
There are many cases in Kyrgyz where two (or more) verbs occur in a sequence. Usually this is in combinations where there's a sequence of events (each one represented by a verb) or additional aspectual or mood information being added to an event (where a second verb is an auxiliary conveying that aspectual/mood information).
V + V as a single verb
There are, however, a few V + V combinations which can be interpreted (and certainly translated) as if they are behaving as a single verb.
- алып кел- < ал- ‘take’ + кел- ‘come’ = bring
- алып бар- < ал- ‘take’ + бар- ‘go (+dest)’ = take / bring (over)
- алып кет- < ал- ‘take’ + кет- ‘leave’ = take away
- алып жүр- < ал- ‘take’ + жүр- ‘go’ = carry (in some contexts)
Some of these have abbreviated forms in speech:¹
- апкел- = алып кел-
- апар- = алып бар-
¹ In Kazakh, the forms әкел-, апар-, and әкет- are the standard written forms of these words, and only in very high registers are they written as two separate verbs.
V1 + V2 with V2's valency
In most instances of V1 + V2 (+ V3, etc.), the main verb is V1 and the valency of the compound verb is that of V1. However, in some [rather rare] scenarios, V2 is treated as the main verb and the valency of the compound verb is that of V2.
FIXME: example
N + V
N with possessive morphology
N is subject
- башты/башымды/жүрөктү/жүрөгүмдү айлант-
N is object
- ичим айлан
N is in other cases
- турмушка чык
N without possessive morphology
Other
- кус+ку