Difference between revisions of "JNW's English"
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== /ɩ/ (vs. /ə/ & /ɪ/) == | == /ɩ/ (vs. /ə/ & /ɪ/) == | ||
| + | Reduced vowels are typically realised as [ə] in English: | ||
| + | * about — [ə ˈbau̯t] | ||
| + | * beneath — [bə ˈniːθ] | ||
| + | * Winnepesauki — [wɪ nə pə ˈsɒ ki] | ||
| + | * onomatopœia — [ɑ nə mɑ ɾə ˈpiː ə] | ||
| + | |||
| + | In closed syllalbes, reduced vowels are realised as /ɩ/: | ||
| + | * This is visible in the application of several morphemes. | ||
| + | ** rose-s — /ˈɻɤo̯ zɩz/ | ||
| + | ** test-ed — /ˈtʰɛ stɩ/ | ||
| + | ** ox-en — /ˈɑk sɩn/ | ||
| + | * This can be seen in many other words. | ||
| + | ** Jonathan — /ˈʤɑ nə θɩn/ | ||
| + | ** happen(ed) — /ˈhæ pʰɩn(d)/ | ||
| + | * This can also be demonstrated derivationally. | ||
| + | ** religion — /ɻə ˈlɪ ʤɩn/ | ||
| + | ** religionise — /ɻə ˈlɪ ʤə nɑi̯z/ (some less morphemic parsings lend to /ɻə ˈlɪ ʤɩ nɑi̯z/, with an almost syllabic [ʤ̩] often | ||
| + | |||
| + | Exception: labial codas: | ||
== other == | == other == | ||
Revision as of 00:30, 3 June 2005
The pronunciation of words, as per Jonathan North Washington
[ʌ]
- strawberry - [ˈsthɻʌbÆɹij]
- wash - [wʌʃ]
- Washington - [ˈwʌʃɪŋtɪn]
- squash - [skwʌʃ]
[wɔ]
- quarter - [ˈkhɔɹɾɻ] (but quarry - ['kwɔɻij])
- quartz, courts - [khɔɹts] (is there a difference in aspiration?)
[ɛ]
- catch - [khɛʧ]
- that (conj) - [ðɛt]
[ʌj]
- /ɑj/ before voiced consonants is [ɑj]
- 'eyes' [ɑjz]
- 'bide' [bɑjd]
- /ɑj/ before voiced consonants is [ʌj]
- 'ice' [ʌjs]
- 'bite' [bʌjt]
- there are exceptions
- Idaho [ʌj], Ida [ʌj]
- cider [ʌj], spider [ʌj]
- icon [ɑj], nikon [ʌj], daikon [ɑj]
- cyclops [ʌj / ɑj], but psycho [ʌj]
- interesting contrasts:
- high [ɑj], high school [ʌj]
- 'I scream' [ɑj], 'ice cream' [ʌj]
[Æ]
- /ej/ before /l,r/ is [Æ]
- ail/ale - [Æl]
- Al - [æl] (shows /æ/Æ/ contrast)
- trailer (before a movie) - [ˈtˢɻʰÆlɻ]
- trailer (behind a truck) - [ˈtˢɻʰejlɻ]
- tractor-trailer (the way I said it as a kid) - [ˈtˢɻʰæktɻ ˌtˢɻʰÆlɻ]
- air - [Ær]
- ail/ale - [Æl]
- /æ/ before /m,n/ is [Æ]
- an, hand - [Æn], [hÆnd]
- Hannah - [ˈhænə]
- an, hand - [Æn], [hÆnd]
- /æ/ before /ŋ,g/ is [æj]
- wagon, hang - [wæjgɩn], [hæjŋ]
/ɩ/ (vs. /ə/ & /ɪ/)
Reduced vowels are typically realised as [ə] in English:
- about — [ə ˈbau̯t]
- beneath — [bə ˈniːθ]
- Winnepesauki — [wɪ nə pə ˈsɒ ki]
- onomatopœia — [ɑ nə mɑ ɾə ˈpiː ə]
In closed syllalbes, reduced vowels are realised as /ɩ/:
- This is visible in the application of several morphemes.
- rose-s — /ˈɻɤo̯ zɩz/
- test-ed — /ˈtʰɛ stɩ/
- ox-en — /ˈɑk sɩn/
- This can be seen in many other words.
- Jonathan — /ˈʤɑ nə θɩn/
- happen(ed) — /ˈhæ pʰɩn(d)/
- This can also be demonstrated derivationally.
- religion — /ɻə ˈlɪ ʤɩn/
- religionise — /ɻə ˈlɪ ʤə nɑi̯z/ (some less morphemic parsings lend to /ɻə ˈlɪ ʤɩ nɑi̯z/, with an almost syllabic [ʤ̩] often
Exception: labial codas:
other
- comfortable - [ˈkh̃ʌfthɻb(ə)ɫ]
- Wednesday - [ˈwɛn(d)zdej]
- February - [ˈfɛbjʉwÆɻij]
My family
Some family members have weird pronunciations:
- [ˈdɑjəpɹ] for [ˈdʌjpɹ] ("diaper")
- [ˈdɑjəmənd] for [ˈdɑjmɩnd] ("diamond")
- [hɒp] for [hɑp] ("hop")
- [ˈrɛs.stɻ.ənt] for [ˈrɛs.stɻ.ɑnt] ("restaurant")
- [wɪð] for [wɪθ]
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