Difference between revisions of "Turkic sound changes"
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* d > t / #_ (kind of, since most later borrowings did this, but later ones from Mongolic, esp. in Kazakh; proto-Tc didn't have #d) | * d > t / #_ (kind of, since most later borrowings did this, but later ones from Mongolic, esp. in Kazakh; proto-Tc didn't have #d) | ||
* V > [-rd] / []σ_ | * V > [-rd] / []σ_ | ||
| + | * b > v / V _ | ||
* v > w | * v > w | ||
* gm > mg | * gm > mg | ||
| Line 16: | Line 17: | ||
** ɯG > ɯ(? sometimes uː in Kg) | ** ɯG > ɯ(? sometimes uː in Kg) | ||
** oG > uw | ** oG > uw | ||
| + | ** eb/æb > yj | ||
* æ > e (more æ added by Persian loans) | * æ > e (more æ added by Persian loans) | ||
* d > ð > j / V_ | * d > ð > j / V_ | ||
Revision as of 03:48, 7 May 2007
Contents
pre-proto-Turkic to proto-Turkic:
- no n, m, ŋ, l, r, z, š / #_
- j, di, n, nʲ, ʒ, dʒ > j / #_
- si > š / #_
proto-Turkic to proto-Kypchak:
- G > K / _#
- d > t / _#
- d > t / #_ (kind of, since most later borrowings did this, but later ones from Mongolic, esp. in Kazakh; proto-Tc didn't have #d)
- V > [-rd] / []σ_
- b > v / V _
- v > w
- gm > mg
- Vg/b changes:
- aG > aw
- ub > uw
- ɯG > ɯ(? sometimes uː in Kg)
- oG > uw
- eb/æb > yj
- æ > e (more æ added by Persian loans)
- d > ð > j / V_
- øg > øj
- s > tʃ / _Vtʃ
- a > æ / _ X V[-back]
- f > p
proto-Kypchak to Kazakh:
- æ > e / #[]σ_
- mg > ŋb
- ʃ > s
- tʃ > ʃ
- j > dʒ / #_
- dʒ > ʒ
- CC > CIC / _]σ (sometimes)
- h,x > q / σ[_
- h > ∅ / _]σ
- ʕ > G
- K > G / l_
- ∅ > O / #_{r}
- æw > ew
- f > w / _]σ
proto-Kypchak to Kyrgyz:
- jI > I (sometimes?)
- b > m / V_V (sometimes?)
- diphthongisation
- ɯw/uw > uː
- iw/yw > yː
- aw > oː
- ew, æw > øː
- æ > Aː
- j > dʒ / #_
- Vh > Vː
- h > ∅
- x > q
- ʕ > ∅
- G > ∅ / V_V
- nj > jn
- ∅ > U / #_{l,r}
- eg > ig
